1.02010-04-08 22:04:39 UTC2020-09-17 15:39:19 UTCFDB000662Gallic acidGallic acid, also known as gallate or acid, gallic, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as gallic acids. These are organic compounds that contain a 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid moiety. Gallic acid is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Gallic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Outside of the human body, Gallic acid is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as mango, pomegranates, and cloves and in a lower concentration in red raspberries, cumins, and turnips. Gallic acid has also been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as common walnuts, tarragons, gingers, fruit juices, and corns. This could make gallic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. A trihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are at positions 3, 4, and 5.3,4,5-Trihydroxy-benzoate3,4,5-Trihydroxy-benzoic acid3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoate3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid (acd/name 4.0)GallateGallic acidGallic acid polymerGallic acid tech.GalopPyrogallol-5-carboxylatePyrogallol-5-carboxylic acidC7H6O5170.12170.0215232933,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acidgalop149-91-7OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1InChI=1S/C7H6O5/c8-4-1-3(7(11)12)2-5(9)6(4)10/h1-2,8-10H,(H,11,12)LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as gallic acids. These are organic compounds that contain a 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid moiety.Gallic acidsOrganic compoundsBenzenoidsBenzene and substituted derivativesBenzoic acids and derivativesAromatic homomonocyclic compounds1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoidsBenzoic acidsBenzoyl derivativesCarboxylic acidsHydrocarbon derivativesMonocarboxylic acids and derivativesOrganic oxidesPolyolsPyrogallols and derivatives1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoidAromatic homomonocyclic compoundBenzenetriolBenzoic acidBenzoylCarboxylic acidCarboxylic acid derivativeGallic acidHydrocarbon derivativeMonocarboxylic acid or derivativesOrganic oxideOrganic oxygen compoundOrganooxygen compoundPhenolPolyolPyrogallol derivativeGallotanninstrihydroxybenzoic acidSolidlogp1.17logs-1.54solubility4.94e+00 g/lmelting_pointMp 235-240° (225°)logp0.72pka_strongest_acidic3.94pka_strongest_basic-6iupac3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acidaverage_mass170.12mono_mass170.021523293smilesOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1formulaC7H6O5inchiInChI=1S/C7H6O5/c8-4-1-3(7(11)12)2-5(9)6(4)10/h1-2,8-10H,(H,11,12)inchikeyLNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-Npolar_surface_area97.99refractivity39.26polarizability14.75rotatable_bond_count1acceptor_count5donor_count4physiological_charge-1formal_charge0Specdb::EiMs1600Specdb::MsIr2299Specdb::MsIr2300Specdb::MsIr2301Specdb::NmrTwoD1964Specdb::CMs855Specdb::CMs1699Specdb::CMs3186Specdb::CMs28711Specdb::CMs30546Specdb::CMs31532Specdb::CMs31823Specdb::CMs38898Specdb::CMs137481Specdb::CMs145215Specdb::NmrOneD2029Specdb::NmrOneD3841Specdb::NmrOneD4108Specdb::NmrOneD5016Specdb::NmrOneD5017Specdb::NmrOneD61112Specdb::NmrOneD61113Specdb::NmrOneD61114Specdb::NmrOneD61115Specdb::NmrOneD61116Specdb::NmrOneD61117Specdb::NmrOneD61118Specdb::NmrOneD61119Specdb::NmrOneD61120Specdb::NmrOneD61121Specdb::NmrOneD61122Specdb::NmrOneD61123Specdb::NmrOneD61124Specdb::NmrOneD61125Specdb::NmrOneD61126Specdb::NmrOneD61127Specdb::NmrOneD61128Specdb::NmrOneD61129Specdb::NmrOneD61130Specdb::NmrOneD61131Specdb::MsMs2454Specdb::MsMs2455Specdb::MsMs2456Specdb::MsMs6086Specdb::MsMs6087Specdb::MsMs6088Specdb::MsMs6089Specdb::MsMs6090Specdb::MsMs6091Specdb::MsMs179640Specdb::MsMs179641Specdb::MsMs179642Specdb::MsMs181974Specdb::MsMs181975Specdb::MsMs181976Specdb::MsMs374050Specdb::MsMs374068Specdb::MsMs437731Specdb::MsMs437732Specdb::MsMs437733Specdb::MsMs437734Specdb::MsMs437735Specdb::MsMs439658Specdb::MsMs439659Specdb::MsMs452005HMDB05807AbiyuchType 1specificCrateva religiosa202634AcerolaType 1specificMalpighia emarginata151847AcornType 1specificQuercus3511Acorn squashType 1Cucurbita pepo var. turbinataAdzuki beanType 1specificVigna angularis3914AgaveType 1specificAgave39509Alaska blueberryType 1specificVaccinium alaskaense190544Alaska wild rhubarbType 1specificPolygonum alpinum125586Albizia gummiferaType 1Albizia gummiferaAlcoholic beveragesUnknowngenericAlfalfaType 1specificMedicago sativa3879AlliumType 1specificAllium4678AllspiceType 1specificPimenta dioica375272AlmondType 1specificPrunus dulcis3755Alpine sweetvetchType 1specificHedysarum alpinum57576AmaranthType 1specificAmaranthus3564American cranberryType 1specificVaccinium macrocarpon13750American pokeweedType 1specificPhytolacca americana3527Andean blackberryType 1specificRubus glaucus1.81.81.8mg/100 gAngelicaType 1specificAngelica keiskei357850AniseType 1specificPimpinella anisum2711921.11.1000000241.100000024mg/100 gAnnual wild riceType 1specificZizania aquatica75727AppleType 1specificMalus pumila2832100.1467920.6624999940.0mg/100 gApricotType 1specificPrunus armeniaca36596Arabica coffeeType 1specificCoffea arabica134430.00.00.0mg/100 gArctic blackberryType 1specificRubus arcticus70741ArrowheadType 1specificSagittaria latifolia15008ArrowrootType 1specificMaranta arundinacea210060Asian pearType 1specificPyrus pyrifolia3767AsparagusType 1specificAsparagus officinalis4686AvocadoType 1specificPersea americana3435Babassu palmType 1specificAttalea speciosa145700BagelType 2specificBamboo shootsType 1specificPhyllostachys edulis38705BananaType 1specificMusa acuminata46411.0033331.003333331.00333333mg/100 gBarleyType 1specificHordeum vulgare4513BayberryType 1specificMyrica3509BeanType 1specificBeech nutType 1specificFagus21024BeerType 2specific1.6422226.50.0mg/100 gBilberryType 1specificVaccinium myrtillus180763Bitter gourdType 1specificMomordica charantia3673Black cabbageType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. viridis3713Black chokeberryType 1specificPhotinia melanocarpa661339Black crowberryType 1specificEmpetrum nigrum191066Black elderberryType 1specificSambucus nigra4202Black huckleberryType 1specificGaylussacia baccata128893Black mulberryType 1specificMorus nigra85232Black plumType 1Syzygium cuminiBlack radishType 1specificRaphanus sativus var. niger41679Black raisinType 1Black raspberryType 1specificRubus occidentalis750790.00.00.0mg/100 gBlack salsifyType 1specificScorzonera hispanica114289Black teaType 11.9376464.6312955920.496999999mg/100 gBlack walnutType 1specificJuglans nigra16719Black-eyed peaType 1specificVigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata3920BlackberryType 1specificRubus2.515.270.46mg/100 gBlackcurrantType 1specificRibes nigrum785114.64.64.6mg/100 gBog bilberryType 1specificVaccinium uliginosum190548BorageType 1specificBorago officinalis13363BoysenberryType 1specificRubus ursinus X idaeusBrazil nutType 1specificBertholletia excelsa3645BreadfruitType 1specificArtocarpus altilis194251Breadnut tree seedType 1specificBrosimum alicastrum194253Broad beanType 1specificVicia faba3906BroccoliType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. italica367740.02950.03110.0279mg/100 gBrussel sproutsType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. gemmifera178616Buffalo currantType 1specificRibes aureum var. villosum23283BulgurType 2specificBurdockType 1specificArctium lappa4217ButternutType 1specificJuglans cinerea91214Butternut squashType 1specificCucurbita moschata3662CabbageType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. capitata3716CalabashType 1specificLagenaria siceraria3668Canada blueberryType 1specificVaccinium myrtilloides1503870Cannellini beanType 1CanolaType 2specific138011Cantaloupe melonType 1Cucumis melo var. cantalupensisCape gooseberryType 1Physalis peruvianaCapersType 1specificCapparis spinosa65558CarawayType 1specificCarum carvi480320.00.00.0mg/100 gCardamomType 1specificElettaria cardamomum1051810.00.00.0mg/100 gCardoonType 1specificCynara cardunculus4265CarobType 1specificCeratonia siliqua20340CarrotType 1specificDaucus carota ssp. sativus792000.10320.16780.0mg/100 gCascade huckleberryType 1specificVaccinium deliciosum190531Cashew nutType 1specificAnacardium occidentale171929CassavaType 1specificManihot esculenta3983Castanospermum australeType 1Castanospermum australeCatjang peaType 1specificVigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica3840CauliflowerType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. botrytis37150.690.6899999980.689999998mg/100 gCeleriacType 1specificApium graveolens var. rapaceum278110Celery leavesType 1specificApium graveolens var. secalinum941588Celery stalksType 1specificApium graveolens var. dulce117781Ceylon cinnamonType 1specificCinnamomum verum1286080.00.00.0mg/100 gChanterelleType 1specificCantharellus cibarius36066ChayoteType 1specificSechium edule184140CherimoyaType 1specificAnnona cherimola49314Cherry tomatoType 1specificSolanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme195583ChervilType 1specificAnthriscus cerefolium40888ChestnutType 1specificCastanea21019479.777781479.777781169479.777781169mg/100 gChiaType 1specificSalvia hispanica49212ChickpeaType 1specificCicer arietinum3827ChicoryType 1specificCichorium intybus13427Chicory leavesType 1specificCichorium intybus var. foliosum1342720.20166725.84000015314.563333511mg/100 gChicory rootsType 1specificCichorium intybus var. sativum13427Chinese bayberryType 1specificMyrica rubra262757Chinese broccoliType 1specificBrassica alboglabra3714Chinese cabbageType 1specificBrassica rapa3711Chinese chestnutType 1specificCastanea mollissima60419Chinese chivesType 1specificAllium tuberosum4683Chinese cinnamonType 1specificCinnamomum aromaticum119260Chinese mustardType 1specificBrassica juncea3707Chinese plumType 1Chinese water chestnutType 1specificEleocharis dulcis110284ChivesType 1specificAllium schoenoprasum74900CinnamonType 1specificCinnamomum13428ClementineType 1Citrus × clementinaClimbing beanType 1specificVigna umbellata87088Cloud ear fungusType 1specificAuricularia polytricha29893CloudberryType 1specificRubus chamaemorus579364.24.1999998094.199999809mg/100 gClovesType 1specificSyzygium aromaticum219868859.0971260.0458.193999863mg/100 gCocoa powderType 2specific0.00.00.0mg/100 gCoconutType 1specificCocos nucifera13894CoffeeType 1genericCoffea134420.00.00.0mg/100 gColorado pinyonType 1specificPinus edulis3340Common beanType 1specificPhaseolus vulgaris3885Common beetType 1specificBeta vulgaris161934Common buckwheatType 1specificFagopyrum esculentum3617Common cabbageType 1specificBrassica oleracea3712Common chokecherryType 1specificPrunus virginiana133204Common grapeType 1specificVitis vinifera297600.1090.1090000070.109000007mg/100 gCommon hazelnutType 1specificCorylus avellana13451Common mushroomType 1specificAgaricus bisporus5341Common oreganoType 1specificOriganum vulgare393525.155.1500000955.150000095mg/100 gCommon peaType 1specificPisum sativum3888Common persimmonType 1specificDiospyros virginiana13493Common sageType 1specificSalvia officinalis388682.6255.250.0mg/100 gCommon salsifyType 1specificTragopogon porrifolius13731Common thymeType 1specificThymus vulgaris499920.00.00.0mg/100 gCommon verbenaType 1specificVerbena officinalis79772Common walnutType 1specificJuglans regia51240Common wheatType 1specificTriticum aestivum4565CorianderType 1specificCoriandrum sativum40474.74679.493399620.0mg/100 gCornType 1specificZea mays4577Corn saladType 1specificValerianella locusta59166CornbreadType 2specificCornmintType 1specificMentha arvensis292239CottonseedType 1specificGossypium3633CowpeaType 1specificVigna unguiculata3917CrosneType 1Stachys affinisCubanelle pepperType 1CucumberType 1specificCucumis sativus36590.94510.99290.8973mg/100 gCucurbitaType 1specificCucurbita3660CuminType 1specificCuminum cyminum524620.61.2000000480.0mg/100 gCurry powderType 2specificCustard appleType 1specificAnnona reticulata301862Daikon radishType 1specificRaphanus sativus var. longipinnatus41679DandelionType 1specificTaraxacum officinale50225DateType 1specificPhoenix dactylifera423450.8616671.5633333130.159999996mg/100 gDeerberryType 1specificVaccinium stamineum176259DillType 1specificAnethum graveolens409220.0259670.03990.0mg/100 gDockType 1specificRumex3618DurianType 1specificDurio zibethinus66656EddoeType 1Colocasia antiquorumEggplantType 1specificSolanum melongena41110.173060.3386666680.1083mg/100 gElderberryType 1specificSambucus4201Elliott's blueberryType 1specificVaccinium elliottii283798EndiveType 1specificCichorium endivia114280EnokitakeType 1specificFlammulina velutipes38945EpazoteType 1specificDysphania ambrosioides330163European chestnutType 1specificCastanea sativa21020European cranberryType 1specificVaccinium oxycoccos516948European plumType 1specificPrunus domestica3758Evening primroseType 1specificOenothera biennis3942Evergreen blackberryType 1specificRubus laciniatus5.275.275.27mg/100 gEvergreen huckleberryType 1specificVaccinium ovatum84019FeijoaType 1specificFeijoa sellowiana260130FennelType 1specificFoeniculum vulgare480383.73.7000000483.700000048mg/100 gFenugreekType 1specificTrigonella foenum-graecum7853412.5063522.3099994662.7026999mg/100 gFigType 1specificFicus carica3494FireweedType 1specificChamerion angustifolium13055FlaxseedType 1specificLinum usitatissimum4006FlourType 2specificFox grapeType 1specificVitis labrusca103355French plantainType 1specificMusa X paradisiaca89151Fruit juiceType 2specificGarden cressType 1specificLepidium sativum33125Garden onionType 1specificAllium cepa46790.414250.51660.3119mg/100 gGarden onion (var.)Type 1specificAllium cepa var. cepa4679Garden rhubarbType 1specificRheum rhabarbarum36215.35.35.3mg/100 gGarden tomatoType 1specificSolanum lycopersicum40810.45750.4860.429mg/100 gGarden tomato (var.)Type 1specificSolanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum3977550.00.00.0mg/100 gGarland chrysanthemumType 1specificChrysanthemum coronarium99038GarlicType 1specificAllium sativum46820.611850.62320.6005mg/100 gGentiana luteaType 1Gentiana luteaGerman camomileType 1specificMatricaria recutita1279860.00.00.0mg/100 gGiant butterburType 1specificPetasites japonicus186965GingerType 1specificZingiber officinale943280.00.00.0mg/100 gGinkgo nutsType 1specificGinkgo biloba3311GinsengType 1specificPanax4054Globe artichokeType 1specificCynara scolymus59895GojiType 1GooseberryType 1specificRibes uva-crispa135518Gram beanType 1specificVigna mungo3915GrapeType 1specificVitis3603Grape wineType 2specific5.61318320.00.0mg/100 gGrapefruitType 1specificCitrus X paradisi376560.0120.0179999990.006mg/100 gGrapefruit/Pummelo hybridType 1specificCitrus paradisi X Citrus maxima37656Grass peaType 1specificLathyrus sativus3860Green appleType 1Green beanType 1specificPhaseolus vulgaris3885Green bell pepperType 1specificCapsicum annuum40721.349351.43331.2654mg/100 gGreen cabbageType 1Brassica oleracea var. sabauda L.Green grapeType 1Green lentilType 1Lens culinarisGreen onionType 1Green plumType 1Green teaType 11.9376464.6312955920.496999999mg/100 gGreen zucchiniType 1specificCucurbita pepo var. cylindrica1.03381.07420.9934mg/100 gGreenthread teaType 1specificThelesperma153159GroundcherryType 1specificPhysalis24663GuaranaType 1Paullinia cupanaGuavaType 1specificPsidium guajava120290Half-highbush blueberryType 1specificVaccinium angustifolium X Vaccinium corymbosum934696Hard wheatType 1specificTriticum durum4567HawthornType 1CrataegusHazelnutType 1specificCorylus13450Heart of palmType 1specificHedge mustardType 1specificSisymbrium3729Herbal teaType 1Hibiscus teaType 1specificHibiscus sabbariffa183260Hickory nutType 1specificCarya13402Highbush blueberryType 1specificVaccinium corymbosum6926610.18816623.8424986733.36mg/100 gHorned melonType 2specificCucumis metuliferus61886HorseradishType 1specificArmoracia rusticana3704Horseradish treeType 1specificMoringa oleifera3735Hyacinth beanType 1specificLablab purpureus35936HyssopType 1specificHyssopus officinalis393240.00.00.0mg/100 gIceberg lettuceType 1Italian oreganoType 1specificOriganum X majoricum1384207Italian sweet red pepperType 1specificCapsicum annuum40721.711451.96751.4554mg/100 gJackfruitType 1specificArtocarpus heterophyllus3489Jalapeno pepperType 1Capsicum annuum 'Jalapeño'Japanese chestnutType 1specificCastanea crenata103480Japanese persimmonType 1specificDiospyros kaki35925Japanese pumpkinType 1specificCucurbita maxima36610.10220.10650.0979mg/100 gJapanese walnutType 1specificJuglans ailanthifolia91209Java plumType 1specificSyzygium cumini260142Jerusalem artichokeType 1specificHelianthus tuberosus4233Jew's earType 1specificAuricularia auricula-judae29892JicamaType 1specificPachyrhizus erosus109171JostaberryType 1specificRibes × nidigrolariaJujubeType 1specificZiziphus zizyphus48393Juniperus communisType 1Juniperus communisJuteType 1specificCorchorus olitorius93759Kai-lanType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. alboglabra3714KaleType 1specificBrassica napus var. pabulariaKiwiType 1specificActinidia chinensis3625KohlrabiType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. gongylodes109379KomatsunaType 1specificBrassica rapa var. perviridis344680KumquatType 1specificFortunella2706LambsquartersType 1specificChenopodium album3559Lantern fruitType 1Physalis alkekengiLeekType 1specificAllium porrumLemonType 1specificCitrus limon2708Lemon balmType 1specificMelissa officinalis393380.00.00.0mg/100 gLemon grassType 1specificCymbopogon citratus66014Lemon thymeType 1specificThymus pulegioides751873Lemon verbenaType 1specificAloysia triphylla542672LentilsType 1genericLens culinaris38640.00.00.0mg/100 gLettuceType 1specificLactuca sativa4236LicheeType 1specificLitchi chinensis151069Lima beanType 1specificPhaseolus lunatus3884LimeType 1specificCitrus aurantiifolia159033LindenType 1specificTilia64580LingonberryType 1specificVaccinium vitis-idaea180772LiquorType 2specific15.1515.15000009515.150000095mg/100 gLoganberryType 1specificRubus loganobaccusLonganType 1specificDimocarpus longan128017LoquatType 1specificEriobotrya japonica32224LotusType 1specificNelumbo4430LovageType 1specificLevisticum officinale48042Lowbush blueberryType 1specificVaccinium angustifolium472369LupineType 1specificLupinus3869Macadamia nutType 1specificMacadamia4329Macadamia nut (M. tetraphylla)Type 1specificMacadamia tetraphylla512563MaitakeType 1specificGrifola frondosa5627Malabar plumType 1specificSyzygium jambos334483Malabar spinachType 1specificBasella alba3589Malus (Crab apple)Type 1specificMalus3749Mamey sapoteType 1specificPouteria sapota233744Mammee appleType 1specificMammea americana198777Mandarin orange (Clementine, Tangerine)Type 1specificCitrus reticulata85571MangoType 1specificMangifera indica297809000.09000.09000.0mg/100 gMateType 1Ilex paraguariensisMedlarType 1specificMespilus germanica36616MenthaType 1specificMentha21819Mexican groundcherryType 1specificPhysalis philadelphica var. immaculata374021Mexican oreganoType 1specificLippia graveolensMikanType 1Citrus unshiuMilk (Cow)Type 2specific0.0024960.004110.000235uMMilletType 1specificPanicum miliaceum4540MisoType 2specificMonk fruitType 1Siraitia grosvenoriiMorchella (Morel)Type 1specificMorchellaceae5192Moth beanType 1specificVigna aconitifolia3918Mountain yamType 1specificDioscorea pentaphylla167592MugwortType 1specificArtemisia vulgaris4220MulberryType 1specificMorus3497MunduType 1Garcinia dulcisMung beanType 1specificVigna radiata157791Muscadine grapeType 1specificVitis rotundifolia103349MuskmelonType 1specificCucumis melo3656Mustard spinachType 1specificBrassica perviridisNanceType 1specificByrsonima crassifolia4270Nanking cherryType 1specificPrunus tomentosa105667Napa cabbageType 1specificBrassica rapa var. pekinensis51351NaranjillaType 1specificSolanum quitoense227725Narrowleaf cattailType 1specificTypha angustifolia59011Natal plumType 1specificCarissa macrocarpa403101NectarineType 1specificPrunus persica var. nucipersica323851New Zealand spinachType 1specificTetragonia tetragonioides45318NopalType 1specificOpuntia cochenillifera338184NutmegType 1specificMyristica fragrans510890.00.00.0mg/100 gOatType 1specificAvena sativa4498Oat breadType 2specificOhelo berryType 1specificVaccinium reticulatum180767Oil palmType 1specificElaeis51952OkraType 1specificAbelmoschus esculentus455045OliveType 1specificOlea europaea41460.0153330.0306666670.0mg/100 gOrange bell pepperType 1specificCapsicum annuum4072Orange mintType 1specificMentha aquatica190902Oregon yampahType 1specificPerideridia oregana234866Oriental wheatType 1specificTriticum turanicum376534Ostrich fernType 1specificMatteuccia struthiopteris3277Oval-leaf huckleberryType 1specificVaccinium ovalifolium190544Oxheart cabbageType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. conicaOyster mushroomType 1specificPleurotus ostreatus5322Pak choyType 1specificBrassica rapa var. chinensis93385PapayaType 1specificCarica papaya3649ParsleyType 1specificPetroselinum crispum40430.70.6999999880.699999988mg/100 gParsnipType 1specificPastinaca sativa40418.20539.59466.816mg/100 gPartridge berryType 1Mitchella repensPassion fruitType 1specificPassiflora edulis78168PastaType 2specificPea shootsType 1PeachType 1specificPrunus persica3760Peach (var.)Type 1specificPrunus persica var. persica323852PeanutType 1specificArachis hypogaea3818PearType 1specificPyrus communis232110.00.00.0mg/100 gPecan nutType 1specificCarya illinoinensis32201PepperType 1specificCapsicum annuum4072Pepper (C. baccatum)Type 1specificCapsicum baccatum var. baccatum165788Pepper (C. chinense)Type 1specificCapsicum chinense80379Pepper (C. frutescens)Type 1specificCapsicum annuum var. annuum40321Pepper (C. pubescens)Type 1specificCapsicum pubescens113210Pepper (Capsicum)Type 1specificCapsicum4071Pepper (Spice)Type 1specificPiper nigrum132160.00.00.0mg/100 gPeppermintType 1specificMentha X piperita34256Persian limeType 1specificCitrus latifolia200541PersimmonType 1specificDiospyros13492Pigeon peaType 1specificCajanus cajan3821Piki breadType 2specificPili nutType 1specificCanarium ovatum43691Pine nutType 1specificPinus3337PineappleType 1specificAnanas comosus4615Pineappple sageType 1specificSalvia elegans888065PistachioType 1specificPistacia vera55513Pita breadType 2specificPitangaType 1specificEugenia uniflora119951PitayaType 1Hylocereus undatusPlains prickly pearType 1specificOpuntia macrorhiza1041245PlantainType 1Musa × paradisiacaPomegranateType 1specificPunica granatum226631022.7276152045.00.455230767mg/100 gPort wineType 2specific0.00.00.0mg/100 gPot marjoramType 1specificOriganum onites452416PotatoType 1specificSolanum tuberosum4113Potato breadType 2specificPrairie turnipType 1specificPediomelum esculentum458363Prickly pearType 1specificOpuntia106975Prunus (Cherry, Plum)Type 1specificPrunus3754PummeloType 1specificCitrus maxima37334Purple mangosteenType 1specificGarcinia mangostana58228PurslaneType 1specificPortulaca oleracea46147QuinceType 1specificCydonia oblonga366100.67050.6705000070.670500007mg/100 gQuinoaType 1specificChenopodium quinoa63459Rabbiteye blueberryType 1specificVaccinium virgatum129.45129.45129.45mg/100 gRadishType 1specificRaphanus sativus3726Radish (var.)Type 1specificRaphanus sativus var. sativus240228Raisin breadType 2specificRambutanType 1specificNephelium lappaceum151071RapeType 1specificBrassica napus var. napus138011RapiniType 1specificBrassica ruvo1204434Red beetrootType 1specificBeta vulgaris var. rubraRed bell pepperType 1specificCapsicum annuum4072Red cloverType 1Trifolium pratenseRed grapeType 1Red huckleberryType 1specificVaccinium parvifolium180766Red onionType 1Red raspberryType 1specificRubus idaeus322471.4252.850.0mg/100 gRed riceType 1specificOryza rufipogon4529Red teaType 1RedcurrantType 1specificRibes rubrum175228RiceType 1specificOryza sativa4530Rice breadType 2specificRobusta coffeeType 1specificCoffea canephora493900.00.00.0mg/100 gRocket salad (ssp.)Type 1specificEruca vesicaria ssp. sativa29727Romaine lettuceType 1specificLactuca sativa L. var. longifolia0.100550.11740.0837mg/100 gRoman camomileType 1specificChamaemelum nobile99037Rose hipType 1specificRosa3764RoselleType 1specificHibiscus sabdariffa183260RosemaryType 1specificRosmarinus officinalis393670.00.00.0mg/100 gRowalType 1specificPangium edule112823RowanberryType 1specificSorbus aucuparia36599Rubus (Blackberry, Raspberry)Type 1specificRubus232164.9683335.2699999814.666666667mg/100 gRumType 2specific0.0670.0670000030.067000003mg/100 gRyeType 1specificSecale cereale4550Rye breadType 2specific0.00.00.0mg/100 gSacred lotusType 1specificNelumbo nucifera4432SafflowerType 1specificCarthamus tinctorius4222SaffronType 1specificCrocus sativus82528Sago palmType 1specificMetroxylon sagu93297SalmonberryType 1specificRubus spectabilis59499SapodillaType 1specificManilkara zapota3741Saskatoon berryType 1specificAmelanchier alnifolia32219Savoy cabbageType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. sabauda1216010Scarlet beanType 1specificPhaseolus coccineus3886Sea-buckthornberryType 1specificHippophae rhamnoides1935160.2050.2049999980.204999998mg/100 gSemolinaType 2specificSesameType 1specificSesamum orientale4182Sesbania flowerType 1specificSesbania bispinosa485725ShallotType 1specificAllium ascalonicum1476995SherryType 2specific0.6060.6060000060.606000006mg/100 gShiitakeType 1specificLentinus edodes5353Silver lindenType 1specificTilia argentea0.00.00.0mg/100 gSkunk currantType 1specificRibes glandulosum175226Small-leaf lindenType 1specificTilia cordata172266Soft-necked garlicType 1specificAllium sativum L. var. sativum4682SorghumType 1specificSorghum bicolor4558SorrelType 1specificRumex acetosa41241Sour cherryType 1specificPrunus cerasus140311Sour orangeType 1Citrus × aurantiumSourdockType 1specificRumex articus395311SourdoughType 2specificSoursopType 1specificAnnona muricata13337Soy beanType 1specificGlycine max38470.4250.6999999880.15mg/100 gSoy creamType 2specificSoy milkType 2specificSoy sauceType 2specificSparkleberryType 1specificVaccinium arboreum229201SpearmintType 1specificMentha spicata297190.450.8999999760.0mg/100 gSpeltType 1specificTriticum spelta58933SpinachType 1specificSpinacia oleracea3562SpiritType 2specific0.2384170.2384166650.238416665mg/100 gSquashberryType 1specificViburnum edule237934Star aniseType 1specificIllicium verum1247780.00.00.0mg/100 gStar fruitType 1specificAverrhoa carambola28974StrawberryType 1specificFragaria X ananassa37471.2252.450.0mg/100 gStrawberry guavaType 1specificPsidium cattleianum375274Sugar appleType 1specificAnnona squamosa301693Summer grapeType 1specificVitis aestivalis3605Summer savoryType 1specificSatureja hortensis49987Sunburst squash (pattypan squash)Type 1specificCucurbita pepo var. clypeataSunflowerType 1specificHelianthus annuus4232Swamp cabbageType 1specificIpomoea aquatica89636SwedeType 1specificBrassica napus3708Sweet basilType 1specificOcimum basilicum393500.00.00.0mg/100 gSweet bayType 1specificLaurus nobilis852230.00.00.0mg/100 gSweet cherryType 1specificPrunus avium42229Sweet marjoramType 1specificOriganum majorana2688840.81.6000000240.0mg/100 gSweet orangeType 1specificCitrus sinensis2711Sweet potatoType 1specificIpomoea batatas4120Sweet rowanberryType 1specificGrataegosorbus mitschuriniiSwiss chardType 1specificBeta vulgaris ssp. cicla15272001.953.7000000481.200000048mg/100 gTaco shellType 2TamarindType 1specificTamarindus indica58860TaroType 1specificColocasia esculenta4460TarragonType 1specificArtemisia dracunculus72341Tartary buckwheatType 1specificFagopyrum tataricum62330TeaType 1specificCamellia sinensis44421.9376464.6312955920.496999999mg/100 gTea leaf willowType 1specificSalix pulchra669814TeffType 1specificEragrostis tef110835ThistleType 1specificCirsium41549TindaType 1specificCitrullus lanatus var. fistulosusTofuType 2specificTortillaType 2specificTostada shellType 2Towel gourdType 1specificLuffa aegyptiaca3670Tree fernType 1specificCyatheaTriticaleType 1specificX Triticosecale rimpauiTronchuda cabbageType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. costata416546Tropical highland blackberryType 1specificRubus adenotrichos0.460.460.46mg/100 gTurmericType 1specificCurcuma longa136217TurnipType 1specificBrassica rapa var. rapa513503.6576675.08542.311100006mg/100 gVaccinium (Blueberry, Cranberry, Huckleberry)Type 1specificVaccinium13749VanillaType 1specificVanilla51238VinegarType 2specific2.5938562.5938555262.593855526mg/100 gWalnutType 1specificJuglans16718WampeeType 1Clausena lansiumWasabiType 1specificWasabia japonica75806Water spinachType 1Ipomoea aquaticaWatercressType 1specificRorippa nasturtium-aquaticum135518WatermelonType 1specificCitrullus lanatus3654Wax appleType 1specificEugenia javanica119950Wax gourdType 1specificBenincasa hispida102211Welsh onionType 1specificAllium fistulosum35875WheatType 1specificTriticum4564Wheat breadType 2specificWhiskyType 2specific0.0993640.0993636320.099363632mg/100 gWhite breadType 1White cabbageType 1specificBrassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. f. alba DC.White lupineType 1specificLupinus albus3870White mulberryType 1Morus albaWhite mustardType 1specificSinapis alba3728Wild carrotType 1specificDaucus carota4039Wild celeryType 1specificApium graveolens4045Wild leekType 1specificAllium ampeloprasum4681Wild riceType 1specificZizania15949Winged beanType 1specificPsophocarpus tetragonolobus3891Winter savoryType 1specificSatureja montana49988Winter squashType 1specificCucurbita maxima3661Wonton wrapperType 2specificYali pearType 1specificPyrus × bretschneideriYamType 1specificDioscorea4672Yardlong beanType 1specificVigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis138955Yau choyType 1YautiaType 1specificXanthosoma sagittifolium28478Yellow bell pepperType 1specificCapsicum annuum40720.07730.08550.0691mg/100 gYellow pond-lilyType 1specificNuphar lutea77113Yellow wax beanType 1specificPhaseolus vulgaris38851.65912.03741.2808mg/100 gYellow zucchiniType 1specificCucurbita pepo var. cylindricaZwiebackType 2specificanalgesic56An agent capable of relieving pain without the loss of consciousness or without producing anaesthesia. In addition, analgesic is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to cause a reduction of pain symptoms.angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor18An EC 3.4.15.* (peptidyl-dipeptidase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of peptidyl-dipeptidase A (EC 3.4.15.1).anti adenovirus88A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.anti allergenic102A drug used to treat allergic reactions.anti anaphylactic111Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti angiogenic115An agent and endogenous substances that antagonize or inhibit the development of new blood vessels.anti asthmatic134A drug used to treat asthma.anti bacterial145A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.anti bronchitic154Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti cancer159A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.anti carcinomic162A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.anti escherichic269anti fibrinolytic277anti flu284A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.anti hepatotoxic328Any compound that is able to prevent damage to the liver.anti herpetic329A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.anti HIV333A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.anti inflammatory370A substance that reduces or suppresses inflammation.anti leishmanic388A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans.anti methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus447A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.anti mutagenic451anti nitrosaminic480anti periodontitic516anti peroxidant519anti polio538A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.anti proteolytic556anti radicular572anti septic603A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans.anti staphylococcic627A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.anti viral689A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.antioxidant502A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted antioxidant food additives are from E 300 to E 324.antitumor672A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.antitumor promoter673A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.apoptotic704astringent712A compound that causes the contraction of body tissues, typically used to reduce bleeding from minor abrasions.bacteristat725A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.bronchodilator736An agent that causes an increase in the expansion of a bronchus or bronchial tubes.cancer preventive754A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.candidicide756carcinogenic762A role played by a chemical compound which is known to induce a process of carcinogenesis by corrupting normal cellular pathways, leading to the acquistion of tumoral capabilities.choleretic801cyclooxygenase inhibitor849A compound or agent that combines with cyclooxygenases (EC 1.14.99.1) and thereby prevents its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of icosanoids, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes.cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor841A cyclooxygenase inhibitor that interferes with the action of cyclooxygenase 2.cytotoxic859A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof which causes the development of a pathological process.floral inhibitor937A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction.Gram(-)icide963A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.Gram(+)icide962A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.hemostat976hepatoprotective981Any compound that is able to prevent damage to the liver.immunomodulator1031Biologically active substance whose activity affects or plays a role in the functioning of the immune system.immunostimulant1032A substance that augments, stimulates, activates, potentiates, or modulates the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. A classical agent (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contains bacterial antigens. It could also be endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Its mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy is related to its antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.immunosuppressant1033An agent that suppresses immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-cells or by inhibiting the activation of helper cells. In addition, an immunosuppressive agent is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to diminish the extent and/or voracity of an immune response.insulin-sparing1043myorelaxant1134nephrotoxic1148A role played by a chemical compound exihibiting itself through the ability to induce damage to the kidney in animals.nitric-oxide inhibitor1167A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction.pesticide1210Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests.styptic1331topoisomerase-I inhibitor1368A topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits the bacterial enzymes of the DNA topoisomerases, Type I class (EC 5.99.1.2) that catalyze ATP-independent breakage of one of the two strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strand through the break, and rejoining of the broken strand. These bacterial enzymes reduce the topological stress in the DNA structure by relaxing negatively, but not positively, supercoiled DNA.xanthine oxidase inhibitor1431An EC 1.17.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of xanthine oxidase (EC 1.17.3.2).