1.0
2010-04-08 22:04:40 UTC
2020-09-17 15:39:05 UTC
FDB000678
(S)-Naringenin
Naringenin, also known as (2S)-naringenin or naringetol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as flavanones. Flavanones are compounds containing a flavan-3-one moiety, with a structure characterized by a 2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran bearing a ketone at the carbon C3. Thus, naringenin is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin. Naringenin is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Naringenin exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Naringenin is a bitter tasting compound. Outside of the human body, Naringenin is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as sweet oranges, common oregano, and mexican oregano and in a lower concentration in sorghums, grape wines, and mandarin orange (clementine, tangerine). Naringenin has also been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as saffrons, white lupines, alpine sweetvetchs, dates, and elderberries. This could make naringenin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.
(-)-(2S)-5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one
(-)-(2S)-Naringenin
(-)-Naringenin
(2S)-4',5,7-Trihydroxy-flavanone
(2S)-Naringenin
(S)-2,3-Dihydo-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
(S)-Naringenin
4',5,7-Trihydroxyflavanone
4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (2S)-
Asahina
Naringenin
Naringenine
Naringetol
Pelargidanon
S-Dihydrogenistein
Salipurol
Salipurpol
C15H12O5
272.2528
272.068473494
(2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one
naringenin
480-41-1
[H][C@]1(CC(=O)C2=C(O1)C=C(O)C=C2O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1
InChI=1S/C15H12O5/c16-9-3-1-8(2-4-9)13-7-12(19)15-11(18)5-10(17)6-14(15)20-13/h1-6,13,16-18H,7H2/t13-/m0/s1
FTVWIRXFELQLPI-ZDUSSCGKSA-N
belongs to the class of organic compounds known as flavanones. Flavanones are compounds containing a flavan-3-one moiety, with a structure characterized by a 2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran bearing a ketone at the carbon C3.
Flavanones
Organic compounds
Phenylpropanoids and polyketides
Flavonoids
Flavans
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids
1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoids
4'-hydroxyflavonoids
5-hydroxyflavonoids
7-hydroxyflavonoids
Alkyl aryl ethers
Aryl alkyl ketones
Benzene and substituted derivatives
Chromones
Hydrocarbon derivatives
Organic oxides
Oxacyclic compounds
Vinylogous acids
1-benzopyran
1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
4'-hydroxyflavonoid
5-hydroxyflavonoid
7-hydroxyflavonoid
Alkyl aryl ether
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Aryl alkyl ketone
Aryl ketone
Benzenoid
Benzopyran
Chromane
Chromone
Ether
Flavanone
Hydrocarbon derivative
Hydroxyflavonoid
Ketone
Monocyclic benzene moiety
Organic oxide
Organic oxygen compound
Organoheterocyclic compound
Organooxygen compound
Oxacycle
Phenol
Vinylogous acid
Flavanones
flavanones
naringenin
Solid
logp
2.47
logs
-3.11
solubility
2.14e-01 g/l
melting_point
Mp 250-251° (227-228°)
logp
2.84
pka_strongest_acidic
7.86
pka_strongest_basic
-5
iupac
(2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one
average_mass
272.2528
mono_mass
272.068473494
smiles
[H][C@]1(CC(=O)C2=C(O1)C=C(O)C=C2O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1
formula
C15H12O5
inchi
InChI=1S/C15H12O5/c16-9-3-1-8(2-4-9)13-7-12(19)15-11(18)5-10(17)6-14(15)20-13/h1-6,13,16-18H,7H2/t13-/m0/s1
inchikey
FTVWIRXFELQLPI-ZDUSSCGKSA-N
polar_surface_area
86.99
refractivity
71.29
polarizability
27.31
rotatable_bond_count
1
acceptor_count
5
donor_count
3
physiological_charge
0
formal_charge
0
Specdb::NmrTwoD
1835
Specdb::NmrOneD
1899
Specdb::NmrOneD
293255
Specdb::NmrOneD
293256
Specdb::NmrOneD
293257
Specdb::NmrOneD
293258
Specdb::NmrOneD
293259
Specdb::NmrOneD
293260
Specdb::NmrOneD
293261
Specdb::NmrOneD
293262
Specdb::NmrOneD
293263
Specdb::NmrOneD
293264
Specdb::NmrOneD
293265
Specdb::NmrOneD
293266
Specdb::NmrOneD
293267
Specdb::NmrOneD
293268
Specdb::NmrOneD
293269
Specdb::NmrOneD
293270
Specdb::NmrOneD
293271
Specdb::NmrOneD
293272
Specdb::NmrOneD
293273
Specdb::NmrOneD
293274
Specdb::CMs
821
Specdb::CMs
822
Specdb::CMs
7854
Specdb::CMs
30641
Specdb::CMs
30642
Specdb::CMs
31942
Specdb::CMs
31943
Specdb::CMs
31944
Specdb::CMs
38458
Specdb::CMs
137101
Specdb::CMs
144835
Specdb::MsMs
2122
Specdb::MsMs
2123
Specdb::MsMs
2124
Specdb::MsMs
5788
Specdb::MsMs
5789
Specdb::MsMs
5790
Specdb::MsMs
5791
Specdb::MsMs
5792
Specdb::MsMs
5793
Specdb::MsMs
256323
Specdb::MsMs
256324
Specdb::MsMs
256325
Specdb::MsMs
276264
Specdb::MsMs
276265
Specdb::MsMs
276266
Specdb::MsMs
285561
Specdb::MsMs
285562
Specdb::MsMs
285563
Specdb::MsMs
285564
Specdb::MsMs
285565
Specdb::MsMs
285566
Specdb::MsMs
285567
Specdb::MsMs
373627
Specdb::MsMs
373628
Specdb::MsMs
373629
HMDB02670
17846
NAR
#<Reference:0x00005556763121b8>
#<Reference:0x0000555676311fd8>
#<Reference:0x0000555676311e20>
#<Reference:0x0000555676311c68>
#<Reference:0x0000555676311a88>
#<Reference:0x00005556763118a8>
#<Reference:0x0000555676311628>
#<Reference:0x00005556763113f8>
#<Reference:0x0000555676311240>
#<Reference:0x0000555676310f98>
#<Reference:0x0000555676310cf0>
Abalone
Type 1
specific
Haliotis
6452
Abiyuch
Type 1
specific
Crateva religiosa
202634
Acerola
Type 1
specific
Malpighia emarginata
151847
Acorn
Type 1
specific
Quercus
3511
Acorn squash
Type 1
Cucurbita pepo var. turbinata
Adzuki bean
Type 1
specific
Vigna angularis
3914
Agar
Type 1
specific
Eucheuma
31444
Agave
Type 1
specific
Agave
39509
Alaska blueberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium alaskaense
190544
Alaska wild rhubarb
Type 1
specific
Polygonum alpinum
125586
Albizia gummifera
Type 1
Albizia gummifera
Alfalfa
Type 1
specific
Medicago sativa
3879
Allium
Type 1
specific
Allium
4678
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Allspice
Type 1
specific
Pimenta dioica
375272
Almond
Type 1
specific
Prunus dulcis
3755
0.2631
0.43
0.0962
mg/100 g
Alpine sweetvetch
Type 1
specific
Hedysarum alpinum
57576
Amaranth
Type 1
specific
Amaranthus
3564
American butterfish
Type 1
specific
Peprilus triacanthus
183653
American cranberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium macrocarpon
13750
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
American pokeweed
Type 1
specific
Phytolacca americana
3527
Angelica
Type 1
specific
Angelica keiskei
357850
Anise
Type 1
specific
Pimpinella anisum
271192
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Annual wild rice
Type 1
specific
Zizania aquatica
75727
Apple
Type 1
specific
Malus pumila
283210
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Apricot
Type 1
specific
Prunus armeniaca
36596
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Arabica coffee
Type 1
specific
Coffea arabica
13443
Arctic blackberry
Type 1
specific
Rubus arcticus
70741
Arrowhead
Type 1
specific
Sagittaria latifolia
15008
Arrowroot
Type 1
specific
Maranta arundinacea
210060
Asian pear
Type 1
specific
Pyrus pyrifolia
3767
Asparagus
Type 1
specific
Asparagus officinalis
4686
Atlantic herring
Type 1
specific
Clupea harengus harengus
7950
Avocado
Type 1
specific
Persea americana
3435
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Babassu palm
Type 1
specific
Attalea speciosa
145700
Bagel
Type 2
specific
Bamboo shoots
Type 1
specific
Phyllostachys edulis
38705
Banana
Type 1
specific
Musa acuminata
4641
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Barley
Type 1
specific
Hordeum vulgare
4513
Bayberry
Type 1
specific
Myrica
3509
Bean
Type 1
specific
Beech nut
Type 1
specific
Fagus
21024
Beer
Type 2
specific
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Bilberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium myrtillus
180763
Biscuit
Type 2
specific
Bitter gourd
Type 1
specific
Momordica charantia
3673
Black cabbage
Type 1
specific
Brassica oleracea var. viridis
3713
Black chokeberry
Type 1
specific
Photinia melanocarpa
661339
Black crowberry
Type 1
specific
Empetrum nigrum
191066
Black elderberry
Type 1
specific
Sambucus nigra
4202
Black huckleberry
Type 1
specific
Gaylussacia baccata
128893
Black mulberry
Type 1
specific
Morus nigra
85232
Black plum
Type 1
Syzygium cumini
Black radish
Type 1
specific
Raphanus sativus var. niger
41679
Black raisin
Type 1
Black raspberry
Type 1
specific
Rubus occidentalis
75079
Black salsify
Type 1
specific
Scorzonera hispanica
114289
Black tea
Type 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Black walnut
Type 1
specific
Juglans nigra
16719
Black-eyed pea
Type 1
specific
Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata
3920
Blackberry
Type 1
specific
Rubus
Blackcurrant
Type 1
specific
Ribes nigrum
78511
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Bog bilberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium uliginosum
190548
Borage
Type 1
specific
Borago officinalis
13363
Boysenberry
Type 1
specific
Rubus ursinus X idaeus
Brassicas
Unknown
generic
3705
Brazil nut
Type 1
specific
Bertholletia excelsa
3645
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Breadfruit
Type 1
specific
Artocarpus altilis
194251
Breadnut tree seed
Type 1
specific
Brosimum alicastrum
194253
Breakfast cereal
Type 2
specific
Broad bean
Type 1
specific
Vicia faba
3906
Broccoli
Type 1
specific
Brassica oleracea var. italica
36774
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Brussel sprouts
Type 1
specific
Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera
178616
1.743333
3.29
0.0
mg/100 g
Buffalo currant
Type 1
specific
Ribes aureum var. villosum
23283
Bulgur
Type 2
specific
Burbot
Type 1
specific
Lota lota
69944
Burdock
Type 1
specific
Arctium lappa
4217
Butternut
Type 1
specific
Juglans cinerea
91214
Butternut squash
Type 1
specific
Cucurbita moschata
3662
Cabbage
Type 1
specific
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
3716
Calabash
Type 1
specific
Lagenaria siceraria
3668
Canada blueberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium myrtilloides
1503870
Cannellini bean
Type 1
Canola
Type 2
specific
138011
Cantaloupe melon
Type 1
Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis
Cape gooseberry
Type 1
Physalis peruviana
Capers
Type 1
specific
Capparis spinosa
65558
Caraway
Type 1
specific
Carum carvi
48032
Cardamom
Type 1
specific
Elettaria cardamomum
105181
Cardoon
Type 1
specific
Cynara cardunculus
4265
Carob
Type 1
specific
Ceratonia siliqua
20340
Carrot
Type 1
specific
Daucus carota ssp. sativus
79200
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Cascade huckleberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium deliciosum
190531
Cashew nut
Type 1
specific
Anacardium occidentale
171929
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Cassava
Type 1
specific
Manihot esculenta
3983
Castanospermum australe
Type 1
Castanospermum australe
Catjang pea
Type 1
specific
Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica
3840
Cauliflower
Type 1
specific
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
3715
Celeriac
Type 1
specific
Apium graveolens var. rapaceum
278110
Celery leaves
Type 1
specific
Apium graveolens var. secalinum
941588
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Celery stalks
Type 1
specific
Apium graveolens var. dulce
117781
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Cereals and cereal products
Unknown
generic
Ceylon cinnamon
Type 1
specific
Cinnamomum verum
128608
Chanterelle
Type 1
specific
Cantharellus cibarius
36066
Chayote
Type 1
specific
Sechium edule
184140
Cherimoya
Type 1
specific
Annona cherimola
49314
Cherry tomato
Type 1
specific
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
195583
3.515833
3.841666698
3.19
mg/100 g
Chervil
Type 1
specific
Anthriscus cerefolium
40888
Chestnut
Type 1
specific
Castanea
21019
Chia
Type 1
specific
Salvia hispanica
49212
Chickpea
Type 1
specific
Cicer arietinum
3827
Chicory
Type 1
specific
Cichorium intybus
13427
Chicory leaves
Type 1
specific
Cichorium intybus var. foliosum
13427
Chicory roots
Type 1
specific
Cichorium intybus var. sativum
13427
Chinese bayberry
Type 1
specific
Myrica rubra
262757
Chinese broccoli
Type 1
specific
Brassica alboglabra
3714
Chinese cabbage
Type 1
specific
Brassica rapa
3711
Chinese chestnut
Type 1
specific
Castanea mollissima
60419
Chinese chives
Type 1
specific
Allium tuberosum
4683
Chinese cinnamon
Type 1
specific
Cinnamomum aromaticum
119260
Chinese mustard
Type 1
specific
Brassica juncea
3707
Chinese plum
Type 1
Chinese water chestnut
Type 1
specific
Eleocharis dulcis
110284
Chives
Type 1
specific
Allium schoenoprasum
74900
Cinnamon
Type 1
specific
Cinnamomum
13428
Citrus
Unknown
generic
Clementine
Type 1
Citrus × clementina
Climbing bean
Type 1
specific
Vigna umbellata
87088
Cloud ear fungus
Type 1
specific
Auricularia polytricha
29893
Cloudberry
Type 1
specific
Rubus chamaemorus
57936
Cloves
Type 1
specific
Syzygium aromaticum
219868
Cocoa bean
Type 1
specific
Theobroma cacao
3641
Coconut
Type 1
specific
Cocos nucifera
13894
Colorado pinyon
Type 1
specific
Pinus edulis
3340
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Common bean
Type 1
specific
Phaseolus vulgaris
3885
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Common beet
Type 1
specific
Beta vulgaris
161934
Common buckwheat
Type 1
specific
Fagopyrum esculentum
3617
Common cabbage
Type 1
specific
Brassica oleracea
3712
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Common chokecherry
Type 1
specific
Prunus virginiana
133204
Common grape
Type 1
specific
Vitis vinifera
29760
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Common hazelnut
Type 1
specific
Corylus avellana
13451
Common mushroom
Type 1
specific
Agaricus bisporus
5341
Common oregano
Type 1
specific
Origanum vulgare
39352
186.0
372.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Common pea
Type 1
specific
Pisum sativum
3888
Common persimmon
Type 1
specific
Diospyros virginiana
13493
Common sage
Type 1
specific
Salvia officinalis
38868
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Common salsify
Type 1
specific
Tragopogon porrifolius
13731
Common thyme
Type 1
specific
Thymus vulgaris
49992
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Common verbena
Type 1
specific
Verbena officinalis
79772
Common walnut
Type 1
specific
Juglans regia
51240
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Common wheat
Type 1
specific
Triticum aestivum
4565
Conch
Type 1
specific
Strombidae
69694
Coriander
Type 1
specific
Coriandrum sativum
4047
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Corn
Type 1
specific
Zea mays
4577
Corn salad
Type 1
specific
Valerianella locusta
59166
Cornbread
Type 2
specific
Cornmint
Type 1
specific
Mentha arvensis
292239
Cottonseed
Type 1
specific
Gossypium
3633
Cowpea
Type 1
specific
Vigna unguiculata
3917
Crosne
Type 1
Stachys affinis
Cubanelle pepper
Type 1
Cucumber
Type 1
specific
Cucumis sativus
3659
Cucurbita
Type 1
specific
Cucurbita
3660
Cumin
Type 1
specific
Cuminum cyminum
52462
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Cupuaçu
Type 1
specific
Theobroma grandiflorum
108881
Curry powder
Type 2
specific
Custard apple
Type 1
specific
Annona reticulata
301862
Daikon radish
Type 1
specific
Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus
41679
Dandelion
Type 1
specific
Taraxacum officinale
50225
Date
Type 1
specific
Phoenix dactylifera
42345
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Deerberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium stamineum
176259
Devilfish
Type 1
specific
Myoxocephalus
8095
Dill
Type 1
specific
Anethum graveolens
40922
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Dock
Type 1
specific
Rumex
3618
Durian
Type 1
specific
Durio zibethinus
66656
Eddoe
Type 1
Colocasia antiquorum
Eggplant
Type 1
specific
Solanum melongena
4111
Elderberry
Type 1
specific
Sambucus
4201
Elliott's blueberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium elliottii
283798
Endive
Type 1
specific
Cichorium endivia
114280
Enokitake
Type 1
specific
Flammulina velutipes
38945
Epazote
Type 1
specific
Dysphania ambrosioides
330163
European chestnut
Type 1
specific
Castanea sativa
21020
European cranberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium oxycoccos
516948
European plum
Type 1
specific
Prunus domestica
3758
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Evening primrose
Type 1
specific
Oenothera biennis
3942
Evergreen huckleberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium ovatum
84019
Feijoa
Type 1
specific
Feijoa sellowiana
260130
Fennel
Type 1
specific
Foeniculum vulgare
48038
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Fenugreek
Type 1
specific
Trigonella foenum-graecum
78534
Fig
Type 1
specific
Ficus carica
3494
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Fireweed
Type 1
specific
Chamerion angustifolium
13055
Flaxseed
Type 1
specific
Linum usitatissimum
4006
Flour
Type 2
specific
Fox grape
Type 1
specific
Vitis labrusca
103355
French plantain
Type 1
specific
Musa X paradisiaca
89151
Fruits
Unknown
generic
Garden cress
Type 1
specific
Lepidium sativum
33125
Garden onion
Type 1
specific
Allium cepa
4679
Garden onion (var.)
Type 1
specific
Allium cepa var. cepa
4679
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Garden rhubarb
Type 1
specific
Rheum rhabarbarum
3621
Garden tomato
Type 1
specific
Solanum lycopersicum
4081
0.34
0.68
0.0
mg/100 g
Garden tomato (var.)
Type 1
specific
Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum
397755
0.964571
0.964571429
0.964571429
mg/100 g
Garland chrysanthemum
Type 1
specific
Chrysanthemum coronarium
99038
Garlic
Type 1
specific
Allium sativum
4682
Gentiana lutea
Type 1
Gentiana lutea
German camomile
Type 1
specific
Matricaria recutita
127986
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Giant butterbur
Type 1
specific
Petasites japonicus
186965
Ginger
Type 1
specific
Zingiber officinale
94328
Ginkgo nuts
Type 1
specific
Ginkgo biloba
3311
Ginseng
Type 1
specific
Panax
4054
Globe artichoke
Type 1
specific
Cynara scolymus
59895
6.25
12.5
0.0
mg/100 g
Goji
Type 1
Gooseberry
Type 1
specific
Ribes uva-crispa
135518
Gram bean
Type 1
specific
Vigna mungo
3915
Grape
Type 1
specific
Vitis
3603
Grape wine
Type 2
specific
0.4422
1.77
0.0
mg/100 g
Grapefruit
Type 1
specific
Citrus X paradisi
37656
27.350444
53.0
1.563999991
mg/100 g
Grapefruit/Pummelo hybrid
Type 1
specific
Citrus paradisi X Citrus maxima
37656
Grass pea
Type 1
specific
Lathyrus sativus
3860
Green apple
Type 1
Green bean
Type 1
specific
Phaseolus vulgaris
3885
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Green bell pepper
Type 1
specific
Capsicum annuum
4072
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Green cabbage
Type 1
Brassica oleracea var. sabauda L.
Green grape
Type 1
Green lentil
Type 1
Lens culinaris
Green onion
Type 1
Green plum
Type 1
Green tea
Type 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Green vegetables
Unknown
generic
Green zucchini
Type 1
specific
Cucurbita pepo var. cylindrica
Greenthread tea
Type 1
specific
Thelesperma
153159
Groundcherry
Type 1
specific
Physalis
24663
Guarana
Type 1
Paullinia cupana
Guava
Type 1
specific
Psidium guajava
120290
Half-highbush blueberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium angustifolium X Vaccinium corymbosum
934696
Hard wheat
Type 1
specific
Triticum durum
4567
Hawthorn
Type 1
Crataegus
Hazelnut
Type 1
specific
Corylus
13450
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Heart of palm
Type 1
specific
Hedge mustard
Type 1
specific
Sisymbrium
3729
Herbal tea
Type 1
Herbs and Spices
Unknown
generic
Hibiscus tea
Type 1
specific
Hibiscus sabbariffa
183260
Hickory nut
Type 1
specific
Carya
13402
Highbush blueberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium corymbosum
69266
Horned melon
Type 2
specific
Cucumis metuliferus
61886
Horseradish
Type 1
specific
Armoracia rusticana
3704
Horseradish tree
Type 1
specific
Moringa oleifera
3735
Hyacinth bean
Type 1
specific
Lablab purpureus
35936
Hyssop
Type 1
specific
Hyssopus officinalis
39324
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Iceberg lettuce
Type 1
Irish moss
Type 1
specific
Chondrus crispus
2769
Italian oregano
Type 1
specific
Origanum X majoricum
1384207
Italian sweet red pepper
Type 1
specific
Capsicum annuum
4072
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Jackfruit
Type 1
specific
Artocarpus heterophyllus
3489
Jalapeno pepper
Type 1
Capsicum annuum 'Jalapeño'
Japanese chestnut
Type 1
specific
Castanea crenata
103480
Japanese persimmon
Type 1
specific
Diospyros kaki
35925
Japanese pumpkin
Type 1
specific
Cucurbita maxima
3661
Japanese walnut
Type 1
specific
Juglans ailanthifolia
91209
Java plum
Type 1
specific
Syzygium cumini
260142
Jerusalem artichoke
Type 1
specific
Helianthus tuberosus
4233
Jew's ear
Type 1
specific
Auricularia auricula-judae
29892
Jicama
Type 1
specific
Pachyrhizus erosus
109171
Jostaberry
Type 1
specific
Ribes × nidigrolaria
Jujube
Type 1
specific
Ziziphus zizyphus
48393
Juniperus communis
Type 1
Juniperus communis
Jute
Type 1
specific
Corchorus olitorius
93759
Kai-lan
Type 1
specific
Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra
3714
Kale
Type 1
specific
Brassica napus var. pabularia
Kelp
Type 1
specific
Laminaria
33637
Kiwi
Type 1
specific
Actinidia chinensis
3625
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Kohlrabi
Type 1
specific
Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes
109379
Komatsuna
Type 1
specific
Brassica rapa var. perviridis
344680
Kombu
Type 1
specific
Saccharina japonica
88149
Kumquat
Type 1
specific
Fortunella
2706
57.39
57.39
57.39
mg/100 g
Lambsquarters
Type 1
specific
Chenopodium album
3559
Lantern fruit
Type 1
Physalis alkekengi
Leek
Type 1
specific
Allium porrum
Lemon
Type 1
specific
Citrus limon
2708
0.62
1.38
0.0
mg/100 g
Lemon balm
Type 1
specific
Melissa officinalis
39338
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Lemon grass
Type 1
specific
Cymbopogon citratus
66014
Lemon thyme
Type 1
specific
Thymus pulegioides
751873
Lemon verbena
Type 1
specific
Aloysia triphylla
542672
Lentils
Type 1
generic
Lens culinaris
3864
Lettuce
Type 1
specific
Lactuca sativa
4236
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Lichee
Type 1
specific
Litchi chinensis
151069
Lima bean
Type 1
specific
Phaseolus lunatus
3884
Lime
Type 1
specific
Citrus aurantiifolia
159033
3.4
3.400000095
3.400000095
mg/100 g
Linden
Type 1
specific
Tilia
64580
Lingonberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium vitis-idaea
180772
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Loganberry
Type 1
specific
Rubus loganobaccus
Longan
Type 1
specific
Dimocarpus longan
128017
Loquat
Type 1
specific
Eriobotrya japonica
32224
Lotus
Type 1
specific
Nelumbo
4430
Lovage
Type 1
specific
Levisticum officinale
48042
Lowbush blueberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium angustifolium
472369
Lupine
Type 1
specific
Lupinus
3869
Macadamia nut
Type 1
specific
Macadamia
4329
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Macadamia nut (M. tetraphylla)
Type 1
specific
Macadamia tetraphylla
512563
Maitake
Type 1
specific
Grifola frondosa
5627
Malabar plum
Type 1
specific
Syzygium jambos
334483
Malabar spinach
Type 1
specific
Basella alba
3589
Malus (Crab apple)
Type 1
specific
Malus
3749
Mamey sapote
Type 1
specific
Pouteria sapota
233744
Mammee apple
Type 1
specific
Mammea americana
198777
Mandarin orange (Clementine, Tangerine)
Type 1
specific
Citrus reticulata
85571
5.0
10.02
1.37
mg/100 g
Mango
Type 1
specific
Mangifera indica
29780
Mate
Type 1
Ilex paraguariensis
Medlar
Type 1
specific
Mespilus germanica
36616
Mentha
Type 1
specific
Mentha
21819
Mexican groundcherry
Type 1
specific
Physalis philadelphica var. immaculata
374021
Mexican oregano
Type 1
specific
Lippia graveolens
129.166663
371.999989827
7.0
mg/100 g
Mikan
Type 1
Citrus unshiu
Milk (Cow)
Type 2
specific
0.0549
0.0549
0.0549
uM
Millet
Type 1
specific
Panicum miliaceum
4540
Miso
Type 2
specific
Mixed nuts
Type 2
specific
Monk fruit
Type 1
Siraitia grosvenorii
Morchella (Morel)
Type 1
specific
Morchellaceae
5192
Moth bean
Type 1
specific
Vigna aconitifolia
3918
Mountain yam
Type 1
specific
Dioscorea pentaphylla
167592
Mugwort
Type 1
specific
Artemisia vulgaris
4220
Mulberry
Type 1
specific
Morus
3497
Mundu
Type 1
Garcinia dulcis
Mung bean
Type 1
specific
Vigna radiata
157791
Muscadine grape
Type 1
specific
Vitis rotundifolia
103349
Muskmelon
Type 1
specific
Cucumis melo
3656
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Mustard spinach
Type 1
specific
Brassica perviridis
Nance
Type 1
specific
Byrsonima crassifolia
4270
Nanking cherry
Type 1
specific
Prunus tomentosa
105667
Napa cabbage
Type 1
specific
Brassica rapa var. pekinensis
51351
Naranjilla
Type 1
specific
Solanum quitoense
227725
Narrowleaf cattail
Type 1
specific
Typha angustifolia
59011
Natal plum
Type 1
specific
Carissa macrocarpa
403101
Nectarine
Type 1
specific
Prunus persica var. nucipersica
323851
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
New Zealand spinach
Type 1
specific
Tetragonia tetragonioides
45318
Nopal
Type 1
specific
Opuntia cochenillifera
338184
Nutmeg
Type 1
specific
Myristica fragrans
51089
Nuts
Unknown
generic
Oat
Type 1
specific
Avena sativa
4498
Oat bread
Type 2
specific
Ohelo berry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium reticulatum
180767
Oil palm
Type 1
specific
Elaeis
51952
Oil-seed Camellia
Type 1
specific
Camellia oleifera
385388
Okra
Type 1
specific
Abelmoschus esculentus
455045
Olive
Type 1
specific
Olea europaea
4146
Onion-family vegetables
Unknown
generic
Opium poppy
Type 1
specific
Papaver somniferum
3469
Orange bell pepper
Type 1
specific
Capsicum annuum
4072
Orange mint
Type 1
specific
Mentha aquatica
190902
Oregon yampah
Type 1
specific
Perideridia oregana
234866
Oriental wheat
Type 1
specific
Triticum turanicum
376534
Ostrich fern
Type 1
specific
Matteuccia struthiopteris
3277
Other bread
Type 2
specific
Other cereal product
Type 2
specific
Other soy product
Type 2
specific
Oval-leaf huckleberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium ovalifolium
190544
Oxheart cabbage
Type 1
specific
Brassica oleracea var. conica
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Oyster mushroom
Type 1
specific
Pleurotus ostreatus
5322
Pak choy
Type 1
specific
Brassica rapa var. chinensis
93385
Papaya
Type 1
specific
Carica papaya
3649
Parsley
Type 1
specific
Petroselinum crispum
4043
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Parsnip
Type 1
specific
Pastinaca sativa
4041
Partridge berry
Type 1
Mitchella repens
Passion fruit
Type 1
specific
Passiflora edulis
78168
Pasta
Type 2
specific
Pea shoots
Type 1
Peach
Type 1
specific
Prunus persica
3760
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Peach (var.)
Type 1
specific
Prunus persica var. persica
323852
Peanut
Type 1
specific
Arachis hypogaea
3818
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Pear
Type 1
specific
Pyrus communis
23211
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Pecan nut
Type 1
specific
Carya illinoinensis
32201
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Pepper
Type 1
specific
Capsicum annuum
4072
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Pepper (C. baccatum)
Type 1
specific
Capsicum baccatum var. baccatum
165788
Pepper (C. chinense)
Type 1
specific
Capsicum chinense
80379
Pepper (C. frutescens)
Type 1
specific
Capsicum annuum var. annuum
40321
Pepper (C. pubescens)
Type 1
specific
Capsicum pubescens
113210
Pepper (Capsicum)
Type 1
specific
Capsicum
4071
Pepper (Spice)
Type 1
specific
Piper nigrum
13216
Peppermint
Type 1
specific
Mentha X piperita
34256
Persian lime
Type 1
specific
Citrus latifolia
200541
1.89
3.4
0.38
mg/100 g
Persimmon
Type 1
specific
Diospyros
13492
Pigeon pea
Type 1
specific
Cajanus cajan
3821
Piki bread
Type 2
specific
Pili nut
Type 1
specific
Canarium ovatum
43691
Pine nut
Type 1
specific
Pinus
3337
Pineapple
Type 1
specific
Ananas comosus
4615
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Pineappple sage
Type 1
specific
Salvia elegans
888065
Pistachio
Type 1
specific
Pistacia vera
55513
0.006
0.012
0.0
mg/100 g
Pita bread
Type 2
specific
Pitanga
Type 1
specific
Eugenia uniflora
119951
Pitaya
Type 1
Hylocereus undatus
Plains prickly pear
Type 1
specific
Opuntia macrorhiza
1041245
Plantain
Type 1
Musa × paradisiaca
Pomegranate
Type 1
specific
Punica granatum
22663
Pomes
Unknown
generic
Poppy
Type 1
specific
Papaver
3468
Pot marjoram
Type 1
specific
Origanum onites
452416
Potato
Type 1
specific
Solanum tuberosum
4113
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Potato bread
Type 2
specific
Prairie turnip
Type 1
specific
Pediomelum esculentum
458363
Prickly pear
Type 1
specific
Opuntia
106975
Prunus (Cherry, Plum)
Type 1
specific
Prunus
3754
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Pulses
Unknown
generic
Pummelo
Type 1
specific
Citrus maxima
37334
25.015
25.31
24.72
mg/100 g
Purple laver
Type 1
specific
Porphyra laciniata
Purple mangosteen
Type 1
specific
Garcinia mangostana
58228
Purslane
Type 1
specific
Portulaca oleracea
46147
Quince
Type 1
specific
Cydonia oblonga
36610
Quinoa
Type 1
specific
Chenopodium quinoa
63459
Rabbiteye blueberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium virgatum
Radish
Type 1
specific
Raphanus sativus
3726
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Radish (var.)
Type 1
specific
Raphanus sativus var. sativus
240228
Raisin bread
Type 2
specific
Rambutan
Type 1
specific
Nephelium lappaceum
151071
Rape
Type 1
specific
Brassica napus var. napus
138011
Rapini
Type 1
specific
Brassica ruvo
1204434
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Red algae
Type 1
specific
Rhodophyta
2763
Red beetroot
Type 1
specific
Beta vulgaris var. rubra
Red bell pepper
Type 1
specific
Capsicum annuum
4072
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Red clover
Type 1
Trifolium pratense
Red grape
Type 1
Red huckleberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium parvifolium
180766
Red onion
Type 1
Red raspberry
Type 1
specific
Rubus idaeus
32247
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Red rice
Type 1
specific
Oryza rufipogon
4529
Red tea
Type 1
Redcurrant
Type 1
specific
Ribes rubrum
175228
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Rice
Type 1
specific
Oryza sativa
4530
Rice bread
Type 2
specific
Robusta coffee
Type 1
specific
Coffea canephora
49390
Rocket salad
Type 1
specific
Eruca vesicaria
180536
Rocket salad (ssp.)
Type 1
specific
Eruca vesicaria ssp. sativa
29727
Romaine lettuce
Type 1
specific
Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia
Roman camomile
Type 1
specific
Chamaemelum nobile
99037
Root vegetables
Unknown
generic
Rose hip
Type 1
specific
Rosa
3764
Roselle
Type 1
specific
Hibiscus sabdariffa
183260
Rosemary
Type 1
specific
Rosmarinus officinalis
39367
8.286667
24.86
0.0
mg/100 g
Rowal
Type 1
specific
Pangium edule
112823
Rowanberry
Type 1
specific
Sorbus aucuparia
36599
Rubus (Blackberry, Raspberry)
Type 1
specific
Rubus
23216
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Rye
Type 1
specific
Secale cereale
4550
Rye bread
Type 2
specific
Sacred lotus
Type 1
specific
Nelumbo nucifera
4432
Safflower
Type 1
specific
Carthamus tinctorius
4222
Saffron
Type 1
specific
Crocus sativus
82528
Sago palm
Type 1
specific
Metroxylon sagu
93297
Salmonberry
Type 1
specific
Rubus spectabilis
59499
Sapodilla
Type 1
specific
Manilkara zapota
3741
Saskatoon berry
Type 1
specific
Amelanchier alnifolia
32219
Sausage
Type 2
specific
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Savoy cabbage
Type 1
specific
Brassica oleracea var. sabauda
1216010
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Scarlet bean
Type 1
specific
Phaseolus coccineus
3886
Sea-buckthornberry
Type 1
specific
Hippophae rhamnoides
193516
Semolina
Type 2
specific
Sesame
Type 1
specific
Sesamum orientale
4182
Sesbania flower
Type 1
specific
Sesbania bispinosa
485725
Shallot
Type 1
specific
Allium ascalonicum
1476995
Shea tree
Type 1
specific
Vitellaria paradoxa
292385
Shiitake
Type 1
specific
Lentinus edodes
5353
Silver linden
Type 1
specific
Tilia argentea
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Skunk currant
Type 1
specific
Ribes glandulosum
175226
Small-leaf linden
Type 1
specific
Tilia cordata
172266
Soft-necked garlic
Type 1
specific
Allium sativum L. var. sativum
4682
Sorghum
Type 1
specific
Sorghum bicolor
4558
0.835
1.67
0.0
mg/100 g
Sorrel
Type 1
specific
Rumex acetosa
41241
Sour cherry
Type 1
specific
Prunus cerasus
140311
Sour orange
Type 1
Citrus × aurantium
Sourdock
Type 1
specific
Rumex articus
395311
Sourdough
Type 2
specific
Soursop
Type 1
specific
Annona muricata
13337
Soy bean
Type 1
specific
Glycine max
3847
Soy cream
Type 2
specific
Soy milk
Type 2
specific
Soy sauce
Type 2
specific
Sparkleberry
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium arboreum
229201
Spearmint
Type 1
specific
Mentha spicata
29719
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Spelt
Type 1
specific
Triticum spelta
58933
Spinach
Type 1
specific
Spinacia oleracea
3562
Spirulina
Type 1
specific
Spirulina
551299
Squashberry
Type 1
specific
Viburnum edule
237934
Star anise
Type 1
specific
Illicium verum
124778
Star fruit
Type 1
specific
Averrhoa carambola
28974
Strawberry
Type 1
specific
Fragaria X ananassa
3747
0.13
0.26
0.0
mg/100 g
Strawberry guava
Type 1
specific
Psidium cattleianum
375274
Sugar apple
Type 1
specific
Annona squamosa
301693
Summer grape
Type 1
specific
Vitis aestivalis
3605
Summer savory
Type 1
specific
Satureja hortensis
49987
Sunburst squash (pattypan squash)
Type 1
specific
Cucurbita pepo var. clypeata
Sunflower
Type 1
specific
Helianthus annuus
4232
Swamp cabbage
Type 1
specific
Ipomoea aquatica
89636
Swede
Type 1
specific
Brassica napus
3708
Sweet basil
Type 1
specific
Ocimum basilicum
39350
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Sweet bay
Type 1
specific
Laurus nobilis
85223
Sweet cherry
Type 1
specific
Prunus avium
42229
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Sweet marjoram
Type 1
specific
Origanum majorana
268884
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Sweet orange
Type 1
specific
Citrus sinensis
2711
410.7815
4040.0
0.8
mg/100 g
Sweet potato
Type 1
specific
Ipomoea batatas
4120
Sweet rowanberry
Type 1
specific
Grataegosorbus mitschurinii
Swiss chard
Type 1
specific
Beta vulgaris ssp. cicla
1527200
Taco shell
Type 2
Tamarind
Type 1
specific
Tamarindus indica
58860
Taro
Type 1
specific
Colocasia esculenta
4460
Tarragon
Type 1
specific
Artemisia dracunculus
72341
4.4
4.4
4.4
mg/100 g
Tartary buckwheat
Type 1
specific
Fagopyrum tataricum
62330
Tea
Type 1
specific
Camellia sinensis
4442
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Tea leaf willow
Type 1
specific
Salix pulchra
669814
Teff
Type 1
specific
Eragrostis tef
110835
Thistle
Type 1
specific
Cirsium
41549
Tinda
Type 1
specific
Citrullus lanatus var. fistulosus
Tofu
Type 2
specific
Tortilla
Type 2
specific
Tostada shell
Type 2
Towel gourd
Type 1
specific
Luffa aegyptiaca
3670
Tree fern
Type 1
specific
Cyathea
Triticale
Type 1
specific
X Triticosecale rimpaui
Tronchuda cabbage
Type 1
specific
Brassica oleracea var. costata
416546
Turmeric
Type 1
specific
Curcuma longa
136217
Turnip
Type 1
specific
Brassica rapa var. rapa
51350
Ucuhuba
Type 1
specific
Virola surinamensis
224910
Vaccinium (Blueberry, Cranberry, Huckleberry)
Type 1
specific
Vaccinium
13749
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Vanilla
Type 1
specific
Vanilla
51238
Wakame
Type 1
specific
Undaria pinnatifida
74381
Walnut
Type 1
specific
Juglans
16718
Wampee
Type 1
Clausena lansium
Wasabi
Type 1
specific
Wasabia japonica
75806
Water spinach
Type 1
Ipomoea aquatica
Watercress
Type 1
specific
Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum
135518
Watermelon
Type 1
specific
Citrullus lanatus
3654
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Wax apple
Type 1
specific
Eugenia javanica
119950
Wax gourd
Type 1
specific
Benincasa hispida
102211
Welsh onion
Type 1
specific
Allium fistulosum
35875
Wheat
Type 1
specific
Triticum
4564
Wheat bread
Type 2
specific
White bread
Type 1
White cabbage
Type 1
specific
Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. f. alba DC.
White lupine
Type 1
specific
Lupinus albus
3870
White mulberry
Type 1
Morus alba
White mustard
Type 1
specific
Sinapis alba
3728
Wild carrot
Type 1
specific
Daucus carota
4039
Wild celery
Type 1
specific
Apium graveolens
4045
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Wild leek
Type 1
specific
Allium ampeloprasum
4681
Wild rice
Type 1
specific
Zizania
15949
Winged bean
Type 1
specific
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus
3891
Winter savory
Type 1
specific
Satureja montana
49988
Winter squash
Type 1
specific
Cucurbita maxima
3661
Wonton wrapper
Type 2
specific
Yali pear
Type 1
specific
Pyrus × bretschneideri
Yam
Type 1
specific
Dioscorea
4672
Yardlong bean
Type 1
specific
Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis
138955
Yau choy
Type 1
Yautia
Type 1
specific
Xanthosoma sagittifolium
28478
Yellow bell pepper
Type 1
specific
Capsicum annuum
4072
0.0
0.0
0.0
mg/100 g
Yellow pond-lily
Type 1
specific
Nuphar lutea
77113
Yellow wax bean
Type 1
specific
Phaseolus vulgaris
3885
Yellow zucchini
Type 1
specific
Cucurbita pepo var. cylindrica
Zwieback
Type 2
specific
bitter
11beta-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase inhibitor
4
A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.
aldose reductase inhibitor
40
An EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.21).
anti acetylcholinesterase
76
An EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of enzyme acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7), which helps breaking down of acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid.
anti aflatoxin
92
A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction.
anti aggregant
94
anti Alzheimeran
105
Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.
anti amnesic
108
Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.
anti amyloid-beta
109
anti bacterial
145
A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.
anti cancer
159
A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.
anti escherichic
269
anti estrogenic
272
A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction.
anti fibrotic
281
anti hepatotoxic
328
Any compound that is able to prevent damage to the liver.
anti herpetic
329
A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.
anti HIV
333
A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.
anti inflammatory
370
A substance that reduces or suppresses inflammation.
anti leukemic
393
A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.
anti mutagenic
451
anti peristaltic
517
anti peroxidative
520
anti radicular
572
anti sindhis
616
anti spasmodic
619
Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.
anti staphylococcic
627
A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.
anti ulcer
676
One of various classes of drugs with different action mechanisms used to treat or ameliorate peptic ulcer or irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.
anti viral
689
A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.
antioxidant
502
A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted antioxidant food additives are from E 300 to E 324.
antitumor
672
A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.
antitumor promoter
673
A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.
aphidifuge
701
Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests.
aromatase inhibitor
705
An EC 1.14.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor) inhibitor which interferes with the action of aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14) and so reduces production of estrogenic steroid hormones.
cAMP-phosphodiesterase inhibitor
753
A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.
cancer preventive
754
A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.
candidicide
756
choleretic
801
cytochrome-P450 inhibitor
855
An enzyme inhibitor that interferes with the activity of cytochrome P450 involved in catalysis of organic substances.
decarboxylase inhibitor
861
A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.
embryotoxic
898
A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof which causes the development of a pathological process.
estrogenic
922
fungicide
940
A substance used to destroy fungal pests.
fungistat
942
hepatoprotective
981
Any compound that is able to prevent damage to the liver.
neuroprotective
1158
Any compound that can be used for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
pesticide
1210
Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests.
serotonin inhibitor
1313
Drugs that bind to but do not activate serotonin receptors, thereby blocking the actions of serotonin or serotonergic agonists.
teratogenic
1347
A role played by a chemical compound in biological systems with adverse consequences in embryo developments, leading to birth defects, embryo death or altered development, growth retardation and functional defect.
TNF-alpha inhibitor
1363
A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction.
topoisomerase-I inhibitor
1368
A topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits the bacterial enzymes of the DNA topoisomerases, Type I class (EC 5.99.1.2) that catalyze ATP-independent breakage of one of the two strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strand through the break, and rejoining of the broken strand. These bacterial enzymes reduce the topological stress in the DNA structure by relaxing negatively, but not positively, supercoiled DNA.
utero trophic
1406
Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.