Record Information
Version1.0
Creation date2010-04-08 22:05:26 UTC
Update date2020-09-17 15:31:12 UTC
Primary IDFDB002593
Secondary Accession NumbersNot Available
Chemical Information
FooDB Namep-Coumaric acid
Descriptiontrans-4-Coumaric acid or (e)-p-Coumaric acid, the trans-isomer of 4-coumaric acid, also known as 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxycinnamic acids. Hydroxycinnamic acids are compounds containing a cinnamic acid where the benzene ring is hydroxylated. 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid is a neutral compound. 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid exists in all living species, from bacteria to humans. 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid is found in highest concentrations in pepper (c. frutescens), pineapples, and sunflowers and in lower concentration in spinachs, kiwis, and sweet oranges. 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid has also been detected in wild rices, soursops, garden onions, hyssops, and avocado. This could make 4-hydroxycinnamic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.
CAS Number7400-08-0
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
SynonymSource
(2E)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acrylic acidChEBI
(e)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acidChEBI
(e)-p-Coumaric acidChEBI
(e)-p-Hydroxycinnamic acidChEBI
4'-HYDROXYCINNAMIC ACIDChEBI
Naringeninic acidChEBI
p-Coumaric acidChEBI
trans-p-Coumaric acidChEBI
trans-p-Coumarinic acidChEBI
trans-p-HydroxycinnamateChEBI
trans-p-Hydroxycinnamic acidChEBI
trans-4-HydroxycinnamateKegg
4-HydroxycinnamateKegg
(2E)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acrylateGenerator
(e)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoateGenerator
(e)-p-CoumarateGenerator
(e)-p-HydroxycinnamateGenerator
4'-HYDROXYCINNAMateGenerator
NaringeninateGenerator
p-CoumarateGenerator
trans-p-CoumarateGenerator
trans-p-CoumarinateGenerator
4-Coumaric acid, (e)-isomerMeSH
4-Coumaric acid, (Z)-isomerMeSH
4-Coumaric acid, disodium saltMeSH
p-Coumaryl alcoholMeSH
p-Hydroxycinnamic acidMeSH
Para-coumaric acidMeSH
trans-3-(4'-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acidMeSH
trans-HPPAMeSH
3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoateHMDB
3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acidHMDB
3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acrylateHMDB
3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acrylic acidHMDB
4-CoumarateHMDB
4-Hydroxy cinnamateHMDB
4-Hydroxy cinnamic acidHMDB
4-HydroxyphenylpropenoateHMDB
4-Hydroxyphenylpropenoic acidHMDB
b-[4-Hydroxyphenyl]acrylateHMDB
b-[4-Hydroxyphenyl]acrylic acidHMDB
beta-[4-Hydroxyphenyl]acrylateHMDB
beta-[4-Hydroxyphenyl]acrylic acidHMDB
cis-P-CoumarateHMDB
HydroxycinnamateHMDB
Hydroxycinnamic acidHMDB
P-CumarateHMDB
P-Cumaric acidHMDB
P-HydroxycinnamateHMDB
P-HydroxyphenylacrylateHMDB
P-Hydroxyphenylacrylic acidHMDB
Para coumarateHMDB
Para coumaric acidHMDB
Para-coumarateHMDB
4-Hydroxycinnamic acidChEBI
trans-4-CoumarateGenerator, HMDB
(2E)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acidHMDB
(2E)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acidHMDB
(E)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acrylic acidHMDB
(E)-4-Hydroxycinnamic acidHMDB
4’-Hydroxycinnamic acidHMDB
p-Cumaric acidHMDB
p-Hydroxy-trans-cinnamic acidHMDB
p-Hydroxyphenylacrylic acidHMDB
p-trans-Coumaric acidHMDB
trans-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acidHMDB
trans-4-Coumaric acidHMDB
β-[4-Hydroxyphenyl]acrylic acidHMDB
(2e)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acrylateGenerator
(2e)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acrylic acidChEBI
(e)-P-CoumarateGenerator
(e)-P-HydroxycinnamateGenerator
4-Coumaric acidbiospider
p-Cumaratebiospider
p-Hydroxy-cinnamic acidbiospider
p-Hydroxycinnamatebiospider
P-Hydroxycinnamic acidHMDB
p-Hydroxycinnamic acid, 8CIdb_source
p-Hydroxyphenylacrylatebiospider
para-Coumaratebiospider
para-Coumaric acidbiospider
trans-P-CoumarinateGenerator
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility1.02 g/LALOGPS
logP1.74ALOGPS
logP1.83ChemAxon
logS-2.2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-6ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area57.53 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity45.04 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability16.43 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Chemical FormulaC9H8O3
IUPAC name(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C9H8O3/c10-8-4-1-7(2-5-8)3-6-9(11)12/h1-6,10H,(H,11,12)/b6-3+
InChI KeyNGSWKAQJJWESNS-ZZXKWVIFSA-N
Isomeric SMILESOC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C=C1
Average Molecular Weight164.158
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight164.047344122
Classification
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxycinnamic acids. Hydroxycinnamic acids are compounds containing an cinnamic acid where the benzene ring is hydroxylated.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassPhenylpropanoids and polyketides
ClassCinnamic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassHydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives
Direct ParentHydroxycinnamic acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Cinnamic acid
  • Coumaric acid
  • Coumaric acid or derivatives
  • Hydroxycinnamic acid
  • Styrene
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Phenol
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Benzenoid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organic oxide
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Disposition

Route of exposure:

Source:

Biological location:

Role

Biological role:

Industrial application:

Foods
  • Cocoa and cocoa products
  • Grains:

    Nuts and legumes:

    Fruits and vegetables:

    Fats and oils:

    Beverages:

    Physico-Chemical Properties
    Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental
    PropertyValueReference
    Physical stateSolid
    Physical DescriptionNot Available
    Mass CompositionC 65.85%; H 4.91%; O 29.24%DFC
    Melting Point211.5 oC
    Boiling PointNot Available
    Experimental Water SolubilityNot Available
    Experimental logP1.79SANGSTER (1994)
    Experimental pKa4.64
    Isoelectric pointNot Available
    ChargeNot Available
    Optical RotationNot Available
    Spectroscopic UV DataNot Available
    DensityNot Available
    Refractive IndexNot Available
    Spectra
    Spectra
    EI-MS/GC-MS
    TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
    EI-MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-03xr-6900000000-348f5c7c030570e0612f2015-03-01View Spectrum
    GC-MSp-Coumaric acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-014m-1981000000-e7648e85764a445a919cSpectrum
    GC-MSp-Coumaric acid, 2 TMS, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-066v-3791000000-a5712bbe8401ef499b5aSpectrum
    GC-MSp-Coumaric acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-03di-8900000000-3bb023f80c1f54a16adcSpectrum
    GC-MSp-Coumaric acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-03xr-5900000000-a364c62c9122c0fbe6deSpectrum
    GC-MSp-Coumaric acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-014m-1981000000-e7648e85764a445a919cSpectrum
    GC-MSp-Coumaric acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-066v-3791000000-a5712bbe8401ef499b5aSpectrum
    GC-MSp-Coumaric acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-014m-1891000000-d8804981d3918cac534dSpectrum
    Predicted GC-MSp-Coumaric acid, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positivesplash10-014j-2900000000-7075c3e10f9df528109eSpectrum
    Predicted GC-MSp-Coumaric acid, 2 TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00xu-6390000000-3110f0f6eb462a38bb64Spectrum
    Predicted GC-MSp-Coumaric acid, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
    MS/MS
    TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negativesplash10-03di-0900000000-b58aab08954c973df04e2012-08-31View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negativesplash10-014i-0900000000-3ddb41572ba36a950e372012-08-31View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negativesplash10-014i-0900000000-ccac7f071084bc6600952012-08-31View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negativesplash10-014i-3900000000-5dc8af06da0120779cff2012-08-31View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negativesplash10-00kf-9500000000-9187edc4498ab4345e5a2012-08-31View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Negativesplash10-014i-0900000000-3d831c6acd9d3188de2f2012-08-31View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Negativesplash10-03di-0900000000-fbb6439b7d012045f3a82012-08-31View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) 30V, Negativesplash10-0002-0900000000-9e18d43a8d86f9b9e72b2012-08-31View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - DI-ESI-qTof , Negativesplash10-014i-0900000000-c45397049a7ba500b3322017-09-14View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-03di-0900000000-b58aab08954c973df04e2017-09-14View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-014i-0900000000-3ddb41572ba36a950e372017-09-14View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-014i-0900000000-ccac7f071084bc6600952017-09-14View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-014i-3900000000-5dc8af06da0120779cff2017-09-14View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-00kf-9500000000-9187edc4498ab4345e5a2017-09-14View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , negativesplash10-014i-0900000000-3d831c6acd9d3188de2f2017-09-14View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , negativesplash10-03di-0900000000-fbb6439b7d012045f3a82017-09-14View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , negativesplash10-0002-0900000000-9e18d43a8d86f9b9e72b2017-09-14View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-03di-0900000000-c6491d0aaba639e3ae072021-09-20View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 30V, Negativesplash10-0002-0900000000-9e18d43a8d86f9b9e72b2021-09-20View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 35V, Negativesplash10-014i-0900000000-a183cce49af676c95d4e2021-09-20View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-014i-0900000000-1f13fa0e7a24be298cfb2021-09-20View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-00kf-9200000000-206402014014906dbe292021-09-20View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-52) , Positivesplash10-03di-8900000000-3bb023f80c1f54a16adc2012-08-31View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Positivesplash10-00kb-3900000000-1118928776a5a6e213db2012-08-31View Spectrum
    MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - DI-ESI-qTof , Positivesplash10-0002-0900000000-c5faa58d353ca1466c3c2017-09-14View Spectrum
    NMR
    TypeDescriptionView
    1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, DMSO, experimental)Spectrum
    1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, DMSO, experimental)Spectrum
    1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted)Spectrum
    ChemSpider ID553148
    ChEMBL IDCHEMBL66879
    KEGG Compound IDC00811
    Pubchem Compound ID637542
    Pubchem Substance IDNot Available
    ChEBI IDNot Available
    Phenol-Explorer ID500
    DrugBank IDDB04066
    HMDB IDHMDB02035
    CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) IDCMP73-U:CMP73-U
    EAFUS IDNot Available
    Dr. Duke ID4-HYDROXYCINNAMIC-ACID|P-COUMARIC-ACID|P-HYDROXYCINNAMIC-ACID
    BIGG ID36077
    KNApSAcK IDC00000152
    HET IDHC4
    Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
    VMH IDNot Available
    Flavornet IDNot Available
    GoodScent IDNot Available
    SuperScent IDNot Available
    Wikipedia IDCoumaric_acid
    Phenol-Explorer Metabolite ID454
    Duplicate IDSNot Available
    Old DFC IDSNot Available
    Associated Foods
    FoodContent Range AverageReference
    FoodReference
    Biological Effects and Interactions
    Health Effects / Bioactivities
    DescriptorIDDefinitionReference
    Aldose reductase inhibitor48550 An agent that blocks the activity of aldose reductase, an enzyme involved in glucose metabolism. It reduces oxidative stress and inflammation, commonly used in managing diabetic complications, such as neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy.DUKE
    AllelopathicBiochemicals that inhibit growth, survival, or reproduction in other organisms, with potential therapeutic applications in weed control, antimicrobial, and anticancer treatments, and key medical uses in developing novel pesticides, antibiotics, and chemotherapeutics.DUKE
    Anti bacterial33282 An agent that inhibits the growth of or destroys bacteria, playing a crucial role in preventing and treating infections. Therapeutically, it is used to combat bacterial infections, with key medical applications including treating pneumonia, tuberculosis, and skin infections, as well as preventing surgical site infections and sepsis.DUKE
    Anti-clastogenAn agent that inhibits mutagenic agents, preventing chromosome breakage and disruption, used to reduce genetic damage and cancer risk, with therapeutic applications in cancer prevention and treatment, and key medical uses in protecting against radiation and chemical-induced DNA damage.DUKE
    Anti-fertilityAn agent that inhibits reproduction, playing a biological role in population control. Therapeutically, it's used as a contraceptive, with key medical applications in family planning and birth control, preventing unwanted pregnancies and managing reproductive health.DUKE
    Anti hepatotoxic62868 An agent that protects the liver from damage, reducing toxicity and promoting liver health. It plays a biological role in preventing liver injury and supporting liver function. Therapeutically, it is used to treat liver diseases, such as hepatitis and cirrhosis, and to counteract liver-damaging effects of certain medications and toxins.DUKE
    Anti leukemic35610 An agent that targets and inhibits the growth of leukemia cells, playing a crucial role in cancer treatment. Therapeutically, it is used to induce remission, manage symptoms, and improve survival rates in patients with leukemia. Key medical uses include treating acute and chronic leukemia, lymphoma, and other hematological malignancies.DUKE
    Anti-nitrosaminicAn agent that inhibits the formation of nitrosamines, carcinogenic compounds. It plays a biological role in cancer prevention, with therapeutic applications in reducing the risk of tobacco-related and other cancers. Key medical uses include chemoprevention and protection against carcinogenic exposures.DUKE
    Anti-oxidant22586 An agent that neutralizes free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and cell damage. Its biological role involves protecting cells from harm, and it has therapeutic applications in managing chronic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders, with key medical uses including anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and cardio protective effects.DUKE
    Anti peroxidantAn agent that prevents oxygen atom and peroxide formation, reducing oxidative stress and cell damage. It plays a biological role in protecting cells from free radicals. Therapeutically, it's used to manage conditions like cancer, Alzheimer's, and atherosclerosis, with key medical applications in neuroprotection, cardiovascular health, and anti-aging.DUKE
    Anti septic33281 An agent that prevents or reduces the growth of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses, to promote wound healing and prevent infection. Therapeutically, anti septics are used to treat minor cuts, scrapes, and burns, and are commonly applied topically to reduce the risk of infection and promote tissue repair. Key medical uses include wound care, surgical site preparation, and skin infection management.DUKE
    Anti-spasmodic52217 An agent that relaxes smooth muscle, reducing muscle spasms and cramps. It plays a biological role in regulating muscle tone and is therapeutically applied to treat conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome, menstrual cramps, and muscle spasms, providing relief from abdominal pain and discomfort.DUKE
    Antitumor35610 An agent that inhibits tumor growth and proliferation, playing a crucial role in cancer treatment. Therapeutically, antitumors are used to manage various types of cancer, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, helping to reduce tumor size, prevent metastasis, and improve patient outcomes.DUKE
    Cancer preventive35610 An agent that inhibits the development and progression of cancer, reducing tumor formation and growth. It plays a biological role in blocking carcinogenic pathways, and has therapeutic applications in chemoprevention. Key medical uses include reducing the risk of cancer in high-risk individuals and preventing cancer recurrence.DUKE
    Chemopreventive35610 An agent that prevents or delays the development of cancer, reducing the risk of tumor formation and progression. It plays a biological role in inhibiting carcinogenesis, and has therapeutic applications in cancer prevention, with key medical uses including reducing the risk of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers.DUKE
    CholereticAn agent that increases bile production and secretion from the liver, enhancing digestion and fat absorption. Therapeutically, it's used to treat gallstones, liver disease, and indigestion, promoting healthy bile flow and liver function.DUKE
    Cytotoxic52209 An agent that kills or damages cells, playing a biological role in immune responses and therapeutic applications in cancer treatment. Key medical uses include chemotherapy, targeting and destroying cancer cells, and treating certain autoimmune diseases by eliminating harmful cells.DUKE
    DiaphoreticAn agent that induces perspiration, playing a biological role in thermoregulation. Therapeutically, it's used to treat fever, detoxify, and relieve congestion. Key medical uses include managing hyperthermia, aiding in toxin removal, and alleviating symptoms of colds and flu.DUKE
    Fungicide24127 An agent that kills or inhibits the growth of fungi, playing a biological role in preventing fungal infections. Therapeutically, it is used to treat fungal diseases, with key medical applications including athlete's foot, ringworm, and candidiasis, as well as agricultural uses to protect crops from fungal damage.DUKE
    Lipoxygenase inhibitor35856 An agent that blocks the activity of lipoxygenase enzymes, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Therapeutically, it's used to manage conditions like asthma, atherosclerosis, and cancer, by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes. Key medical uses include treating respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.DUKE
    Pesticide25944 An agent that kills or repels pests, playing a biological role in controlling insect, weed, and fungal populations. Therapeutically, pesticides have limited applications, but some are used to treat ectoparasitic infestations, such as lice and scabies. Key medical uses include topical treatments for head lice and scabies, highlighting their role in managing parasitic infections.DUKE
    ProstaglandigenicAn agent that promotes the production of prostaglandins, which are hormonelike compounds that stimulate uterine contractions, among other effects. Therapeutically, prostaglandigenic agents are used to induce labor, manage postpartum hemorrhage, and treat certain gynecological conditions, showcasing their key role in obstetrics and women's health.DUKE
    Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor35222 An agent that blocks the production of prostaglandins, reducing inflammation and pain. Therapeutically, it's used to treat conditions like arthritis, menstrual cramps, and fever, commonly found in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).DUKE
    Tyrosinase inhibitor59997 An agent that blocks the activity of tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in melanin production, reducing skin pigmentation. Therapeutically used to treat hyperpigmentation disorders, such as melasma and vitiligo, and as a skin-lightening agent in dermatology.DUKE
    EnzymesNot Available
    PathwaysNot Available
    MetabolismNot Available
    BiosynthesisNot Available
    Organoleptic Properties
    FlavoursNot Available
    Files
    MSDSshow
    References
    Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
    General ReferenceNot Available
    Content Reference— Rothwell JA, Pérez-Jiménez J, Neveu V, Medina-Ramon A, M'Hiri N, Garcia Lobato P, Manach C, Knox K, Eisner R, Wishart D, Scalbert A. (2013) Phenol-Explorer 3.0: a major update of the Phenol-Explorer database to incorporate data on the effects of food processing on polyphenol content. Database, 10.1093/database/bat070.
    — Duke, James. 'Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. United States Department of Agriculture.' Agricultural Research Service, Accessed April 27 (2004).
    — Shinbo, Y., et al. 'KNApSAcK: a comprehensive species-metabolite relationship database.' Plant Metabolomics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. 165-181.