Record Information |
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Version | 1.0 |
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Creation date | 2010-04-08 22:05:57 UTC |
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Update date | 2019-11-26 02:59:35 UTC |
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Primary ID | FDB003792 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | Not Available |
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Chemical Information |
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FooDB Name | Vanadium |
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Description | Vanadium is a steel-grey, corrosion-resistant metal, which exists in oxidation states ranging from -1 to +5. Metallic vanadium does not occur in nature, and the most common valence states are +3, +4, and +5. The pentavalent form (VO3-) predominates in extracellular body fluids whereas the quadrivalent form (VO+2) is the most common intracellular form. Because of its hardness and its ability to form alloys, vanadium (i.e., ferrovanadium) is a common component of hard steel alloys used in machines and tools. Although most foods contain low concentrations of vanadium (< 1 ng/g), food is the major source of exposure to vanadium for the general population. High air concentrations of vanadium occur in the occupation setting during boiler-cleaning operations as a result of the presence of vanadium oxides in the dust. The lungs absorb soluble vanadium compounds (V2O5) well, but the absorption of vanadium salts from the gastrointestinal tract is poor. The excretion of vanadium by the kidneys is rapid with a biological half-life of 20-40 hours in the urine. Physiologically, it exists as an ion in the body. Vanadium is probably an essential trace element, but a vanadium-deficiency disease has not been identified in humans. The estimated daily intake of the US population ranges from 10-60 micrograms V. Vanadyl sulfate is a common supplement used to enhance weight training in athletes at doses up to 60 mg/d. In vitro and animal studies indicate that vanadate and other vanadium compounds increase glucose transport activity and improve glucose metabolism. In general, the toxicity of vanadium compounds is low. Pentavalent compounds are the most toxic and the toxicity of vanadium compounds usually increases as the valence increases. Most of the toxic effects of vanadium compounds result from local irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory tract rather than systemic toxicity. The only clearly documented effect of exposure to vanadium dust is upper respiratory tract irritation characterized by rhinitis, wheezing, nasal hemorrhage, conjunctivitis, cough, sore throat, and chest pain. Case studies have described the onset of asthma after heavy exposure to vanadium compounds, but clinical studies to date have not detected an increased prevalence of asthma in workers exposed to vanadium. Vanadium is a trace element present in practically all cells in plants and animals. It exerts interesting actions in living systems. At pharmacological doses, vanadium compounds display relevant biological actions such as mimicking insulin and growth factors as well as having osteogenic activity. Some vanadium compounds also show antitumoral properties. The importance of vanadium in bone arises from the studies developed to establish the essentiality of this element in animals and humans. Bone tissue, where the element seems to play an important role, accumulates great amounts of vanadium. Among several metals, vanadium has emerged as an extremely potent agent with insulin-like properties. These insulin-like properties have been demonstrated in isolated cells, tissues, different animal models of type I and type II diabetes as well as a limited number of human subjects. Vanadium treatment has been found to improve abnormalities of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and of gene expression in rodent models of diabetes. In isolated cells, it enhances glucose transport, glycogen and lipid synthesis, and inhibits gluconeogenesis and lipolysis. The molecular mechanism responsible for the insulin-like effects of vanadium compounds have been shown to involve the activation of several key components of insulin-signaling pathways that include the mitogen-activated-protein kinases (MAPKs) extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38MAPK, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K)/protein kinase B (PKB). (PMID: 16998531, 16456236, 10382561). Vanadium is found in many foods, some of which are common persimmon, italian sweet red pepper, japanese pumpkin, and romaine lettuce. |
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CAS Number | 22541-77-1 |
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Structure | |
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Synonyms | Synonym | Source |
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23V | ChEBI | V | ChEBI | Vanadio | ChEBI | Vanadium 51 | MeSH | Vanadium-51 | MeSH | V(3+) | ChEBI | VANADIUM ion | ChEBI | Vanadium metallicum | biospider | Vanadium, elemental | biospider | Vanadium, ion(3+) | ChEBI | Vanadium(III) | ChEBI |
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Predicted Properties | |
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Chemical Formula | V |
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IUPAC name | vanadium |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/V |
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InChI Key | LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Isomeric SMILES | [V] |
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Average Molecular Weight | 50.9415 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 50.943963675 |
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Classification |
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Description | Belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as homogeneous transition metal compounds. These are inorganic compounds containing only metal atoms,with the largest atom being a transition metal atom. |
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Kingdom | Inorganic compounds |
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Super Class | Homogeneous metal compounds |
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Class | Homogeneous transition metal compounds |
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Sub Class | Not Available |
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Direct Parent | Homogeneous transition metal compounds |
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Alternative Parents | Not Available |
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Substituents | - Homogeneous transition metal
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Molecular Framework | Not Available |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Ontology | No ontology term |
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Physico-Chemical Properties |
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Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental | Property | Value | Reference |
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Physical state | Solid | |
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Physical Description | Not Available | |
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Mass Composition | Not Available | |
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Melting Point | 1910 oC | |
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Boiling Point | Not Available | |
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Experimental Water Solubility | Not Available | |
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Experimental logP | Not Available | |
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Experimental pKa | Not Available | |
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Isoelectric point | Not Available | |
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Charge | Not Available | |
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Optical Rotation | Not Available | |
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Spectroscopic UV Data | Not Available | |
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Density | Not Available | |
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Refractive Index | Not Available | |
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Spectra |
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Spectra | |
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EI-MS/GC-MS | Not Available |
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MS/MS | Type | Description | Splash Key | View |
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Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-0udi-9000000000-04cac363fba8baca3d60 | 2016-08-01 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-0udi-9000000000-04cac363fba8baca3d60 | 2016-08-01 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-0udi-9000000000-04cac363fba8baca3d60 | 2016-08-01 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative | splash10-0002-9000000000-f32cb636023329dd9052 | 2016-08-03 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative | splash10-0002-9000000000-f32cb636023329dd9052 | 2016-08-03 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative | splash10-0002-9000000000-f32cb636023329dd9052 | 2016-08-03 | View Spectrum |
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NMR | Not Available |
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External Links |
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ChemSpider ID | 10659555 |
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ChEMBL ID | Not Available |
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KEGG Compound ID | C06267 |
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Pubchem Compound ID | 23990 |
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Pubchem Substance ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | Not Available |
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Phenol-Explorer ID | Not Available |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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HMDB ID | HMDB02503 |
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CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) ID | Not Available |
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EAFUS ID | Not Available |
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Dr. Duke ID | VANADIUM |
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BIGG ID | Not Available |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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HET ID | V |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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Flavornet ID | Not Available |
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GoodScent ID | Not Available |
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SuperScent ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia ID | Vanadium |
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Phenol-Explorer Metabolite ID | Not Available |
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Duplicate IDS | Not Available |
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Old DFC IDS | Not Available |
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Associated Foods |
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Food | Content Range | Average | Reference |
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Food | | | Reference |
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Biological Effects and Interactions |
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Health Effects / Bioactivities | Descriptor | ID | Definition | Reference |
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anti atherosclerotic | 38070 | A drug used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. Anti-arrhythmia drugs may affect the polarisation-repolarisation phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibres. | DUKE | anti diabetic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE | anti infertility | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE | anti insulinogenic | | | DUKE | anti manic | | | DUKE | anti syndrome-X | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE | ATPase inhibitor | 23924 | A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. | DUKE | cancer preventive | 35610 | A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. | DUKE | cardioprotective | 38070 | A drug used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. Anti-arrhythmia drugs may affect the polarisation-repolarisation phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibres. | DUKE | hypocholesterolemic | | | DUKE | hypoglycemic | 35526 | A drug which lowers the blood glucose level. | DUKE | hypotensive | | | DUKE | hypotriglyceridemic | | | DUKE | nephrotoxic | 50909 | A role played by a chemical compound exihibiting itself through the ability to induce damage to the kidney in animals. | DUKE | pancreatoxic | 52209 | A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof which causes the development of a pathological process. | DUKE | toxic | 52209 | A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof which causes the development of a pathological process. | DUKE |
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Enzymes | Not Available |
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Pathways | Not Available |
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Metabolism | Not Available |
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Biosynthesis | Not Available |
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Organoleptic Properties |
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Flavours | Not Available |
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Files |
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MSDS | show |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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General Reference | Not Available |
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Content Reference | — Duke, James. 'Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. United States Department of Agriculture.' Agricultural Research Service, Accessed April 27 (2004).
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