Showing Compound Dopamine (FDB012163)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation date

2010-04-08 22:10:01 UTC

Update date

2020-09-17 15:41:35 UTC

Primary ID

FDB012163

Secondary Accession Numbers

Not Available

Chemical Information

FooDB Name

Dopamine

Description

Dopamine, also known as 3-hydroxytyramine or deoxyepinephrine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as catecholamines and derivatives. Catecholamines and derivatives are compounds containing 4-(2-Aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] or a derivative thereof formed by substitution. Dopamine is a drug which is used for the correction of hemodynamic imbalances present in the shock syndrome due to myocardial infarction, trauma, endotoxic septicemia, open-heart surgery, renal failure, and chronic cardiac decompensation as in congestive failure. Dopamine is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Dopamine exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Within humans, dopamine participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, dopamine can be biosynthesized from tyramine; which is catalyzed by the enzyme tyrosinase. In addition, dopamine and ascorbic acid can be converted into norepinephrine and dehydroascorbic acid; which is mediated by the enzyme dopamine beta-hydroxylase. Catechol in which the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted by a 2-aminoethyl group. In humans, dopamine is involved in disulfiram action pathway. Outside of the human body, Dopamine is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as swiss chards, oats, and red beetroots and in a lower concentration in green zucchinis, broccoli, and yellow bell peppers. Dopamine has also been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as potato, banana, avocado, eggplants, and custard apples. This could make dopamine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Dopamine is a potentially toxic compound. Dopamine, with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as bacterial meningitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, cerebral infarction, and schizophrenia; dopamine has also been linked to the inborn metabolic disorder aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency.

CAS Number

62-31-7

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Synonym	Source
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethylamine	ChEBI
3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine	ChEBI
3-Hydroxytyramine	ChEBI
4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol	ChEBI
4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol	ChEBI
4-(2-Aminoethyl)catechol	ChEBI
4-(2-Aminoethyl)pyrocatechol	ChEBI
Deoxyepinephrine	ChEBI
Dopamina	ChEBI
Dopaminum	ChEBI
Hydroxytyramin	ChEBI
Medopa	Kegg
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethylamine	HMDB
4-(2-Aminoethyl)-pyrocatechol	HMDB
a-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-b-aminoethane	HMDB
alpha-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-beta-aminoethane	HMDB
Dopamin	HMDB
Dopastat	HMDB
Dophamine	HMDB
Dynatra	HMDB
Hydroxytyramine	HMDB
Intropin	HMDB
Oxytyramine	HMDB
Revivan	HMDB
3,4 Dihydroxyphenethylamine	HMDB
Hydrochloride, dopamine	HMDB
Dopamine hydrochloride	HMDB
(3H)-Dopamine	biospider
1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-aminoethyl)- (9CI)	biospider
3-Hydroxtyramine	biospider
4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol, 9CI	db_source
4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol	biospider
ASL 279	db_source
Cardiosteril	db_source
NSC 169105	db_source

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	7.43 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	-0.4	ALOGPS
logP	0.03	ChemAxon
logS	-1.3	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	10.01	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	9.27	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	3	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	3	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	66.48 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	2	ChemAxon
Refractivity	43.25 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	16.21 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	1	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Chemical Formula

C8H11NO2

IUPAC name

4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C8H11NO2/c9-4-3-6-1-2-7(10)8(11)5-6/h1-2,5,10-11H,3-4,9H2

InChI Key

VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Isomeric SMILES

NCCC1=CC(O)=C(O)C=C1

Average Molecular Weight

153.1784

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

153.078978601

Classification

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as catecholamines and derivatives. Catecholamines and derivatives are compounds containing 4-(2-Aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] or a derivative thereof formed by substitution.

Kingdom

Super Class

Class

Sub Class

Direct Parent

Catecholamines and derivatives

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Catecholamine
Phenethylamine
2-arylethylamine
1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
Aralkylamine
Monocyclic benzene moiety
Amine
Hydrocarbon derivative
Primary amine
Organopnictogen compound
Organooxygen compound
Organonitrogen compound
Primary aliphatic amine
Organic oxygen compound
Organic nitrogen compound
Aromatic homomonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

catecholamine (CHEBI:18243 )
Biogenic amines (C03758 )
Tyramine derivatives (C03758 )
Dopamine (C03758 )

Ontology

Hypothyroidism

Disposition

Route of exposure:

Enteral:

Ingestion

Indirect biological role:

Industrial application:

Pharmaceutical industry:

Pharmaceutical

Physico-Chemical Properties

Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental

Property	Value	Reference
Physical state	Solid
Physical Description	Not Available
Mass Composition	C 62.73%; H 7.24%; N 9.14%; O 20.89%	DFC
Melting Point	128 oC
Boiling Point	Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility	Not Available
Experimental logP	-0.98	HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Experimental pKa	8.93
Isoelectric point	Not Available
Charge	+1
Optical Rotation	Not Available
Spectroscopic UV Data	Not Available
Density	Not Available
Refractive Index	Not Available

Spectra

EI-MS/GC-MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
EI-MS	Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	splash10-00e9-8900000000-88acdc978fe4a64e0fc5	2014-09-20	View Spectrum
GC-MS	Dopamine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-1900000000-117a1a7207245f5377e7	Spectrum
GC-MS	Dopamine, 4 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-1900000000-8b7dcae82868308513da	Spectrum
GC-MS	Dopamine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-1900000000-117a1a7207245f5377e7	Spectrum
GC-MS	Dopamine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-1900000000-8b7dcae82868308513da	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	splash10-001i-8900000000-752bc8c11fa321b8a7ac	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, 2 TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0089-9280000000-c894c19dda88ac048dd4	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TMS_1_1, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TMS_1_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TMS_1_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TMS_2_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TMS_2_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TMS_2_4, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TBDMS_1_1, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TBDMS_1_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TBDMS_1_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TBDMS_2_1, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TBDMS_2_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TBDMS_2_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Dopamine, TBDMS_2_4, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum

MS/MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-0uxu-4900000000-ff51177ebcb89b8c956c	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-0006-9200000000-a554eb700a06cecb8292	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-014l-9000000000-db9813e1025f237a549b	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-27e0d71db6d14d79759c	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative	splash10-0uk9-0900000000-f1cf97c0d0dd509e229e	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative	splash10-00di-0900000000-aa09a2411e287abe74ed	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative	splash10-00di-1900000000-97c42b109cab2005373d	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative	splash10-006x-9700000000-974bd18febffcceea2d6	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive	splash10-0f79-0900000000-099173d4201beca9e548	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive	splash10-000i-1900000000-9dc09f2661247c9d84b0	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive	splash10-0006-9300000000-8b85fa9aac1ffb4c2873	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive	splash10-0006-9000000000-9ea16d2057010279d433	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive	splash10-014l-9000000000-32ca2db8fe2b4729ab94	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive	splash10-0f79-0900000000-ff587935c79b4592ffcf	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive	splash10-000i-1900000000-8a35d8a2241bc18d6c50	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive	splash10-0006-9300000000-356a4b8f268863c7893e	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive	splash10-0006-9000000000-a88c1004f357858fbc6c	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive	splash10-014l-9000000000-271874005dcb90288512	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-cfa7e1cb9f02ffb4447d	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0udr-0900000000-4e409c6edda911de39fe	2017-06-28	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-000i-1900000000-90aa0e0866454c2eacc7	2017-06-28	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-1000-9400000000-210fd696305d8cf76164	2017-06-28	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-ff95007680e484d3c57e	2017-06-28	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0udi-1900000000-6dcfecebbd98220ef746	2017-06-28	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0kil-6900000000-f476cfd569c441bc84aa	2017-06-28	View Spectrum

NMR

Type	Description	View
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
2D NMR	[¹H, ¹³C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum

External Links

ChemSpider ID

ChEMBL ID

KEGG Compound ID

Pubchem Compound ID

Pubchem Substance ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

18243

Phenol-Explorer ID

Not Available

DrugBank ID

DB00988

HMDB ID

HMDB00073

CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) ID

HDV99-C:HDV99-C

EAFUS ID

Not Available

Dr. Duke ID

3-HYDROXYTYRAMINE|DOPAMINE

BIGG ID

42467

KNApSAcK ID

C00001408

HET ID

LDP

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

VMH ID

Not Available

Flavornet ID

Not Available

GoodScent ID

Not Available

SuperScent ID

Not Available

Wikipedia ID

Dopamine

Phenol-Explorer Metabolite ID

Not Available

Duplicate IDS

Not Available

Old DFC IDS

Not Available

Associated Foods

Food	Content Range	Average	Reference
Food			Reference

Biological Effects and Interactions

Health Effects / Bioactivities

Descriptor	ID	Definition	Reference
Adrenergic	37962	An agent that stimulates the adrenergic nervous system, mimicking the effects of adrenaline. It plays a biological role in regulating heart rate, blood pressure, and energy. Therapeutically, adrenergic agents are used to treat conditions such as asthma, hypertension, and cardiac arrest, with key medical uses including bronchodilation, vasoconstriction, and increased cardiac output.	DUKE
Anti lactagogue		An agent that decreases milk production, used to suppress lactation in women, particularly after childbirth or abortion, or to treat conditions like galactorrhea (spontaneous milk flow).	DUKE
Anti myocontractant		An agent that relaxes smooth muscle, reducing muscle contractions. It has therapeutic applications in treating conditions like spasms, hypertension, and respiratory issues, with key medical uses including relieving asthma symptoms and managing gastrointestinal disorders.	DUKE
Anti neurogenic		An agent that impairs neural growth factor, inhibiting nerve growth and regeneration. It plays a biological role in reducing pain transmission and has therapeutic applications in managing chronic pain, cancer, and neurological disorders, with key medical uses including pain management and tumor treatment.	DUKE
Anti-Parkinsonian	48407	An agent that alleviates symptoms of Parkinson's disease, enhancing dopamine levels and improving motor function, commonly used to manage tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia in neurodegenerative disorders.	DUKE
Anti prolactin		An agent that inhibits prolactin production, a hormone regulating lactation and reproductive processes. Therapeutically, it's used to treat hyperprolactinemia, prolactinomas, and associated disorders, such as galactorrhea, infertility, and menstrual irregularities.	DUKE
Anti-shock		An agent that stabilizes blood pressure and circulation, reducing the effects of shock. Therapeutically, it's used to manage hypovolemic shock, anaphylactic shock, and septic shock, helping to prevent organ failure and promote recovery. Key medical uses include treatment of severe blood loss, burns, and trauma.	DUKE
Anti-thyreotropic		An antibody that inhibits thyrotropin, regulating thyroid hormone production. It has therapeutic applications in managing thyroid disorders, such as hyperthyroidism, and key medical uses include treating conditions like Graves' disease.	DUKE
Cardiotonic	38070	An agent that strengthens heart muscle contractions, enhancing cardiac output. It plays a biological role in regulating heart function and is therapeutically used to treat heart failure, improving symptoms and exercise tolerance. Key medical uses include managing cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, and congestive heart failure.	DUKE
Diuretic	35498	An agent that increases urine production, helping remove excess fluids and salts from the body. It plays a key biological role in regulating fluid balance and blood pressure. Therapeutically, diuretics are used to treat conditions such as hypertension, edema, and heart failure, helping reduce swelling and lower blood pressure.	DUKE
Hypertensive		An agent that increases blood pressure, used therapeutically to treat hypotension (low blood pressure) and shock, and medically to manage conditions such as orthostatic hypotension and postural hypotension.	DUKE
Inotropic		An agent that alters the force or energy of muscular contractions, particularly in the heart. It has therapeutic applications in treating heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Positively inotropic agents, such as digoxin, increase contraction strength, while negatively inotropic agents, like beta blockers, weaken it, commonly used to manage arrhythmias and hypertension.	DUKE
Myocontractant		An agent that stimulates contractions of smooth muscle, playing a biological role in regulating muscle tone. Therapeutically, it has applications in treating conditions like uterine atony and gastrointestinal disorders. Key medical uses include inducing labor, managing postpartum hemorrhage, and treating gastrointestinal motility issues.	DUKE
Natriuretic		An agent that promotes the excretion of sodium in the urine, aiding in blood pressure regulation and fluid balance. It plays a biological role in managing hypertension and heart failure, with therapeutic applications in treating edema and cardiovascular diseases. Key medical uses include diuretic therapy and management of congestive heart failure.	DUKE
Neurotransmitter	25512	A chemical messenger that transmits signals between neurons, regulating various physiological and psychological processes. Therapeutically, neurotransmitter modulators are used to treat conditions such as depression, anxiety, and Parkinson's disease, by altering neurotransmitter levels or activity to restore balance and alleviate symptoms.	DUKE
Priapistic		A condition characterized by persistent, usually painful erection of the penis, often due to disease. It has no direct therapeutic applications, but treatments for priapism include medications to reduce erection, such as phenylephrine, and are used to manage conditions like sickle cell disease, leukemia, and erectile dysfunction.	DUKE
Sympathomimetic	35524	An agent that mimics the effects of the sympathetic nervous system, increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and energy. Therapeutically, it's used to treat conditions like asthma, hypotension, and shock, as well as nasal decongestion and eye dilation.	DUKE
Teratogenic	50905	An agent that causes abnormal fetal development, disrupting embryonic growth and leading to birth defects. Its biological role is associated with developmental toxicity, and it has no therapeutic applications. Key medical uses include serving as a warning for substances that pose risks during pregnancy, guiding prenatal care and medication management to prevent birth defects.	DUKE
Vasoconstrictor	50514	An agent that narrows blood vessels, reducing blood flow. It plays a biological role in regulating blood pressure and is therapeutically used to treat conditions like hypotension, nasal congestion, and bleeding. Key medical uses include managing shock, reducing bleeding during surgery, and relieving migraine headaches.	DUKE
Vasodilator	35620	An agent that widens blood vessels, reducing blood pressure and increasing blood flow. It plays a biological role in regulating cardiovascular function. Therapeutically, vasodilators are used to treat conditions such as hypertension, angina, and heart failure, improving oxygen delivery and reducing cardiac workload.	DUKE
Dopaminergic	48560	An agent that stimulates or regulates dopamine activity, playing a key role in movement, motivation, and reward processing. Therapeutically, dopaminergic agents are used to manage Parkinson's disease, restless leg syndrome, and certain psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and depression.	CHEBI