| 12-lipoxygenase inhibitor | 23924 | An agent that blocks the activity of 12-lipoxygenase, an enzyme involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. It has therapeutic applications in reducing inflammation and is used to treat conditions such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. | DUKE |
| 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor | 50781 | An agent that blocks the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, reducing androgenic effects. Therapeutically, it treats benign prostatic hyperplasia, androgenetic alopecia, and acne, by decreasing prostate size, promoting hair growth, and minimizing sebaceous gland activity. | DUKE |
| 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic-acid inhibitor | 35222 | An agent that blocks the activity of 5-lipoxygenase, reducing leukotriene production and inflammation. Therapeutically, it's used to treat asthma, allergic rhinitis, and other inflammatory conditions, providing relief from symptoms such as congestion and bronchospasm. | DUKE |
| 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor | 23924 | An agent that blocks the activity of 5-lipoxygenase, an enzyme involved in leukotriene production, reducing inflammation and allergic responses. Therapeutically, it's used to treat asthma, allergies, and inflammatory disorders, such as arthritis, by inhibiting the synthesis of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes. | DUKE |
| 8-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic-acid inhibitor | 35222 | An agent that blocks the activity of 8-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Therapeutically, it may be used to manage cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders by mitigating oxidative damage and inflammation. | DUKE |
| Anti adenoma carcinogenic | 35610 | An agent that inhibits the growth of adenoma cells, reducing the risk of cancer development. It plays a biological role in preventing tumor formation and has therapeutic applications in cancer prevention and treatment. Key medical uses include reducing the risk of colorectal and other cancers, and managing adenoma-related disorders. | DUKE |
| Anti aflatoxin | 35222 | An agent that neutralizes or removes aflatoxins, toxic compounds produced by mold, reducing the risk of liver damage and cancer. Therapeutically, it is used to prevent aflatoxin poisoning, commonly in food safety and liver protection applications, and may have potential in cancer prevention and treatment. | DUKE |
| Anti-aggregant | | An agent that prevents platelet aggregation, reducing blood clot formation. Its biological role is to inhibit platelet activation, and its therapeutic applications include preventing thrombosis and stroke. Key medical uses include treating cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation, and managing conditions that increase the risk of blood clots. | DUKE |
| Anti-Alzheimeran | 52217 | An agent that inhibits the progression of Alzheimer's disease, reducing beta-amyloid plaque formation and neuroinflammation. Therapeutically, it improves cognitive function and memory, commonly used in managing mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. | DUKE |
| Anti amyloid-beta | | An agent that targets and reduces amyloid-beta peptides, implicated in Alzheimer's disease, to slow cognitive decline and neurodegeneration, with potential therapeutic applications in Alzheimer's treatment and prevention. | DUKE |
| Anti-angiogenic | 48422 | An agent that inhibits the formation of new blood vessels, playing a crucial role in cancer treatment by starving tumors of oxygen and nutrients. Therapeutically, it is used to manage cancer, age-related macular degeneration, and other diseases characterized by excessive angiogenesis, reducing tumor growth and slowing disease progression. | DUKE |
| Anti arachidonate | 35222 | An agent that inhibits arachidonic acid metabolism, reducing inflammation and pain. It has therapeutic applications in managing conditions like arthritis, asthma, and allergies, with key medical uses including anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. | DUKE |
| Anti-arthritic | 52217 | An agent that reduces joint inflammation and alleviates symptoms of arthritis, commonly used in managing rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and other inflammatory joint disorders, to improve mobility and quality of life. | DUKE |
| Anti-asthmatic | 49167 | An agent that relieves bronchospasm and inflammation, commonly used to manage asthma symptoms, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory disorders, improving lung function and overall respiratory health. | DUKE |
| Anti-atherosclerotic | 38070 | An agent that prevents or slows the formation of atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by plaque buildup in arteries. It reduces inflammation, improves lipid profiles, and inhibits platelet aggregation, commonly used to manage cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, and prevent heart attacks and strokes. | DUKE |
| Anti bacterial | 33282 | An agent that inhibits the growth of or destroys bacteria, playing a crucial role in preventing and treating infections. Therapeutically, it is used to combat bacterial infections, with key medical applications including treating pneumonia, tuberculosis, and skin infections, as well as preventing surgical site infections and sepsis. | DUKE |
| Anti-bronchitic | 52217 | An agent that relieves bronchial congestion and inflammation, commonly used in managing respiratory disorders such as bronchitis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), to reduce coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. | DUKE |
| Anti-cancer | 35610 | An agent that inhibits the growth and proliferation of cancer cells, used to treat and manage various types of cancer, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, to reduce tumor size, prevent metastasis, and improve patient survival. | DUKE |
| Anti carcinogenic | 35610 | An agent that prevents or inhibits the formation of cancer, reducing tumor growth and proliferation. It plays a biological role in protecting cells from DNA damage and mutation. Therapeutically, it is used to prevent cancer development, with key medical applications in chemotherapy, radiation protection, and cancer prevention programs. | DUKE |
| Anti-cataract | 52217 | An agent that prevents or slows the formation of cataracts, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in the lens of the eye, commonly used to manage age-related cataracts and other ocular disorders. | DUKE |
| Anti cholecystosic | | An agent that relieves symptoms of gallbladder inflammation and hyperplasia, used to manage chronic inflammatory changes in the gallbladder, reducing discomfort and promoting healing. | DUKE |
| Anti-colitic | 52217 | An agent that reduces inflammation in the colon, commonly used to manage ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and other inflammatory bowel diseases, promoting healing and relieving symptoms. | DUKE |
| Anti-collagenic | | An agent that binds collagen, preventing its buildup in connective tissues, with potential therapeutic applications in treating heart disease and fibrotic disorders by reducing collagen accumulation. | DUKE |
| Anti-Crohn's | 52217 | An agent that reduces inflammation and modulates the immune system, commonly used in managing Crohn's disease and other inflammatory bowel disorders, to alleviate symptoms and induce remission. | DUKE |
| Anti Epstein-Barr virus | 22587 | An agent that targets and neutralizes the Epstein-Barr virus, reducing its replication and associated diseases, such as infectious mononucleosis and certain types of cancer, with therapeutic applications in immunocompromised patients and key medical uses in preventing and treating EBV-related disorders. | DUKE |
| Anti eczemic | 52217 | An agent that reduces inflammation and itching, commonly used to manage eczema symptoms, atopic dermatitis, and other skin allergies, providing relief and preventing flare-ups. | DUKE |
| Anti-edemic | | An agent that relieves or prevents edema, reducing abnormal fluid accumulation in tissues or the circulatory system, commonly used to treat conditions such as swelling, inflammation, and water retention. | DUKE |
| Anti eicosanoid | 35222 | An agent that inhibits the production or activity of eicosanoids, reducing inflammation and allergic responses. Therapeutically, it's used to manage conditions like asthma, arthritis, and allergic disorders, providing relief from symptoms such as pain and inflammation. | DUKE |
| Anti hepatotic | 62868 | An agent that protects the liver from damage, reducing inflammation and promoting liver health. It is used therapeutically to manage liver diseases, such as hepatitis and cirrhosis, and to prevent liver damage from toxins and medications. Key medical uses include treating liver conditions, supporting liver function, and preventing liver failure. | DUKE |
| Anti HIV | 22587 | An agent that prevents the replication of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), used to treat and manage HIV infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), reducing viral load and slowing disease progression. | DUKE |
| Anti-inflammatory | 35472 | An agent that reduces inflammation, playing a biological role in suppressing immune responses and therapeutic applications in managing pain, swelling, and redness. Key medical uses include treating arthritis, allergies, and autoimmune disorders, as well as relieving symptoms of conditions such as asthma and dermatitis. | DUKE |
| Anti-integrase | 23924 | An agent that blocks the activity of integrase, an enzyme essential for HIV replication, reducing viral integration into host DNA. Therapeutically, it's used to treat HIV infection, preventing the virus from replicating and slowing disease progression, commonly used in combination with other antiretroviral therapies. | DUKE |
| Anti-ischemic | 52217 | An agent that reduces or prevents tissue damage from inadequate blood flow, commonly used to manage angina, heart attacks, and strokes by improving oxygen delivery and reducing cardiac workload. | DUKE |
| Anti leishmanic | 33281 | An agent that treats Leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania parasites. It kills or inhibits the growth of these parasites, reducing symptoms and preventing disease progression. Therapeutically, anti-leishmanics are used to manage cutaneous, visceral, and mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis, often in combination with other treatments. Key medical uses include treating infected individuals, particularly in endemic regions. | DUKE |
| Anti leukemic | 35610 | An agent that targets and inhibits the growth of leukemia cells, playing a crucial role in cancer treatment. Therapeutically, it is used to induce remission, manage symptoms, and improve survival rates in patients with leukemia. Key medical uses include treating acute and chronic leukemia, lymphoma, and other hematological malignancies. | DUKE |
| Anti leukotriene | 35222 | An agent that blocks the action of leukotrienes, reducing inflammation and bronchoconstriction. Therapeutically, it is used to treat asthma, allergic rhinitis, and other respiratory disorders by inhibiting the biological role of leukotrienes in mediating inflammatory responses. | DUKE |
| Anti lipoperoxidant | | An agent that prevents peroxidation of lipids, reducing oxidative stress and cell damage. Its biological role involves protecting cell membranes from degradation. Therapeutically, it has applications in managing conditions related to oxidative stress, with key medical uses including neuroprotection, anti-inflammation, and antioxidant therapy. | DUKE |
| Anti-lithic | | An agent that prevents the formation of calculi (kidney stones) or promotes their dissolution, playing a key role in urology. Its therapeutic applications include managing kidney stone disease, nephrolithiasis, and urinary tract disorders, helping to alleviate pain and prevent complications. | DUKE |
| Anti-lymphomic | | An agent that targets and destroys lymphatic cells that form tumors, playing a crucial role in cancer treatment. Therapeutically, it is used to manage lymphomas, with key medical applications in chemotherapy and immunotherapy to combat blood cell cancers. | DUKE |
| Anti-melanomic | 35610 | An agent that inhibits melanin production, reducing melanoma cell growth. It has therapeutic applications in treating skin cancers, particularly melanoma, and key medical uses include preventing tumor progression and metastasis, as well as managing pigmentation disorders. | DUKE |
| Anti metastatic | 35610 | An agent that inhibits cancer cell spread, reducing tumor metastasis. It plays a biological role in blocking cell migration and invasion, and has therapeutic applications in cancer treatment. Key medical uses include preventing cancer recurrence and improving survival rates in patients with various types of cancer. | DUKE |
| Anti-mutagenic | | An agent that interferes with the mutagenicity of a substance, preventing DNA damage and mutations. Its biological role is to protect cells from genetic alterations, and it has therapeutic applications in cancer prevention and treatment, as well as key medical uses in reducing the risk of genetic disorders and birth defects. | DUKE |
| Anti-nitrosaminic | | An agent that inhibits the formation of nitrosamines, carcinogenic compounds. It plays a biological role in cancer prevention, with therapeutic applications in reducing the risk of tobacco-related and other cancers. Key medical uses include chemoprevention and protection against carcinogenic exposures. | DUKE |
| Anti-oxidant | 22586 | An agent that neutralizes free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and cell damage. Its biological role involves protecting cells from harm, and it has therapeutic applications in managing chronic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders, with key medical uses including anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and cardio protective effects. | DUKE |
| Anti-papillomic | 22587 | An agent that targets and inhibits the formation of papillomas, reducing the growth of abnormal cells. Therapeutically, it is used to treat and prevent human papillomavirus (HPV) related diseases, such as cervical cancer and genital warts, by boosting the immune system to fight off the virus. | DUKE |
| Anti peroxidant | | An agent that prevents oxygen atom and peroxide formation, reducing oxidative stress and cell damage. It plays a biological role in protecting cells from free radicals. Therapeutically, it's used to manage conditions like cancer, Alzheimer's, and atherosclerosis, with key medical applications in neuroprotection, cardiovascular health, and anti-aging. | DUKE |
| Anti proliferant | | An agent that prevents or inhibits cell growth and division, used therapeutically to treat cancer, manage tumor growth, and prevent restenosis after angioplasty, reducing abnormal cell proliferation. | DUKE |
| Anti prostaglandin | 49020 | An agent that inhibits prostaglandin production, reducing inflammation and pain. Therapeutically, it's used to treat conditions like arthritis, menstrual cramps, and post-surgical pain, by blocking prostaglandin-mediated responses, providing relief from inflammation and discomfort. | DUKE |
| Anti-psoriatic | 52217 | An agent that reduces psoriasis symptoms, commonly used in managing plaque psoriasis, scalp psoriasis, and other inflammatory skin conditions, by modulating the immune system and inhibiting keratinocyte proliferation. | DUKE |
| Anti-spasmodic | 52217 | An agent that relaxes smooth muscle, reducing muscle spasms and cramps. It plays a biological role in regulating muscle tone and is therapeutically applied to treat conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome, menstrual cramps, and muscle spasms, providing relief from abdominal pain and discomfort. | DUKE |
| Anti thrombotic | 50248 | An agent that prevents blood clot formation, reducing the risk of thrombosis. Its biological role is to inhibit platelet aggregation and blood coagulation. Therapeutically, it is used to prevent and treat conditions such as stroke, heart attack, and deep vein thrombosis, as well as to manage atrial fibrillation and peripheral artery disease. | DUKE |
| Anti thromboxane | 35222 | An agent that inhibits thromboxane A2, reducing platelet aggregation and blood clot formation. Therapeutically, it prevents thrombosis and is used to manage conditions like coronary artery disease, stroke, and myocardial infarction, as well as to prevent blood clots during surgeries. | DUKE |
| Antitumor | 35610 | An agent that inhibits tumor growth and proliferation, playing a crucial role in cancer treatment. Therapeutically, antitumors are used to manage various types of cancer, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, helping to reduce tumor size, prevent metastasis, and improve patient outcomes. | DUKE |
| Antitumor promoter | 35610 | An agent that inhibits tumor growth and progression, reducing cancer cell proliferation. Therapeutically, it prevents tumor development and spread, with key medical uses in cancer prevention and treatment, particularly in combating carcinogenesis and metastasis. | DUKE |
| Anti ulcer | 49201 | An agent that reduces stomach acid and protects the mucous lining, preventing ulcer formation. It is used to treat conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, promoting healing and relieving symptoms. | DUKE |
| Anti-viral | 22587 | An agent that inhibits the replication of viruses, playing a crucial role in preventing and treating viral infections. Therapeutically, anti-virals are used to manage diseases such as HIV, herpes, and influenza, reducing symptoms and slowing disease progression. Key medical uses include treating viral hepatitis, respiratory syncytial virus, and COVID-19. | DUKE |
| Apoptotic | | An agent that stimulates programmed cell death, playing a crucial biological role in eliminating damaged or unwanted cells. It has therapeutic applications in cancer treatment, and key medical uses include inducing cell death in malignant cells, reducing tumor growth, and enhancing chemotherapy efficacy. | DUKE |
| Cancer preventive | 35610 | An agent that inhibits the development and progression of cancer, reducing tumor formation and growth. It plays a biological role in blocking carcinogenic pathways, and has therapeutic applications in chemoprevention. Key medical uses include reducing the risk of cancer in high-risk individuals and preventing cancer recurrence. | DUKE |
| Cardiodepressant | 38070 | An agent that slows heart rate and reduces cardiac contractility, used to manage conditions like hypertension, angina, and arrhythmias, reducing the heart's workload and oxygen demand. | DUKE |
| Chelator | 38161 | An agent that binds to metal ions, reducing their toxicity and promoting excretion. It plays a biological role in removing heavy metals from the body. Therapeutically, chelators are used to treat metal poisoning, iron overload, and Wilson's disease, with key medical applications in detoxification and disease management. | DUKE |
| Chemopreventive | 35610 | An agent that prevents or delays the development of cancer, reducing the risk of tumor formation and progression. It plays a biological role in inhibiting carcinogenesis, and has therapeutic applications in cancer prevention, with key medical uses including reducing the risk of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers. | DUKE |
| Cholagogue | | An agent that stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder, promoting digestion and relieving bile duct issues. Therapeutically, it aids in treating gallstones, jaundice, and liver disorders, while also supporting digestive health. | DUKE |
| Choleretic | | An agent that increases bile production and secretion from the liver, enhancing digestion and fat absorption. Therapeutically, it's used to treat gallstones, liver disease, and indigestion, promoting healthy bile flow and liver function. | DUKE |
| Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor | 50629 | An agent that blocks the activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), reducing inflammation and pain. Therapeutically, it is used to manage conditions such as arthritis, menstrual cramps, and other inflammatory disorders, providing relief from symptoms with reduced gastrointestinal side effects compared to non-selective NSAIDs. | DUKE |
| Cyclooxygenase inhibitor | 35544 | An agent that blocks the activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes, reducing inflammation and pain. Therapeutically, it is used to treat conditions such as arthritis, headaches, and menstrual cramps, by decreasing prostaglandin production, a key mediator of inflammation. | DUKE |
| Cytochrome-P450 inhibitor | 50183 | An agent that blocks the activity of cytochrome-P450 enzymes, reducing drug metabolism. Therapeutically, it's used to increase the efficacy of certain medications, manage drug interactions, and treat conditions like erectile dysfunction, by inhibiting the breakdown of key drugs, allowing them to remain active in the body for a longer period. | DUKE |
| Cytotoxic | 52209 | An agent that kills or damages cells, playing a biological role in immune responses and therapeutic applications in cancer treatment. Key medical uses include chemotherapy, targeting and destroying cancer cells, and treating certain autoimmune diseases by eliminating harmful cells. | DUKE |
| Deodorant | | A substance that removes or conceals unpleasant smells, especially bodily odors, playing a hygienic role in reducing sweat-induced bacteria growth, with therapeutic applications in managing body odor disorders, and key medical uses in treating hyperhidrosis and bromhidrosis. | DUKE |
| Detoxicant | 50247 | An agent that facilitates the removal of toxins from the body, playing a crucial role in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Therapeutically, detoxicants are used to treat poisoning, heavy metal exposure, and liver diseases, promoting overall health and well-being by neutralizing harmful substances. | DUKE |
| DNA-protective | | An agent that prevents or repairs DNA damage, playing a crucial role in maintaining genomic stability. Therapeutically, it has applications in cancer prevention, neuroprotection, and anti-aging. Key medical uses include reducing chemotherapy-induced DNA damage and mitigating radiation exposure effects. | DUKE |
| Dye | 37958 | A coloring agent with various biological roles, therapeutic applications, and medical uses, including diagnostic imaging, photodynamic therapy, and wound healing, while also serving as a contrast agent to enhance visualization in medical imaging procedures. | DUKE |
| Expectorant | 52217 | An agent that thins and loosens mucus, making it easier to cough up, reducing congestion. It aids in clearing respiratory tract secretions, commonly used to relieve coughs, colds, and bronchitis, promoting easier breathing and soothing irritated airways. | DUKE |
| Fibrinolytic | | An agent that breaks down blood clots, playing a crucial biological role in preventing thrombosis. Therapeutically, it's used to treat conditions like stroke, pulmonary embolism, and myocardial infarction, restoring blood flow and preventing tissue damage. Key medical uses include dissolving clots, improving circulation, and reducing the risk of cardiovascular events. | DUKE |
| Fungicide | 24127 | An agent that kills or inhibits the growth of fungi, playing a biological role in preventing fungal infections. Therapeutically, it is used to treat fungal diseases, with key medical applications including athlete's foot, ringworm, and candidiasis, as well as agricultural uses to protect crops from fungal damage. | DUKE |
| Glutathionigenic | | An agent that stimulates glutathione synthesis, playing a crucial role in antioxidant defense and cellular detoxification. It has therapeutic applications in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, with key medical uses in neuroprotection, cancer treatment, and liver disease management. | DUKE |
| Hepatoprotective | 62868 | An agent that protects the liver from damage, promoting liver health and function. It plays a biological role in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, and has therapeutic applications in managing liver diseases, such as hepatitis and cirrhosis, and key medical uses in treating drug-induced liver injury and toxicities. | DUKE |
| Hypocholesterolemic | | An agent that lowers cholesterol levels in the blood, playing a crucial role in preventing cardiovascular disease. Therapeutically, it is used to manage hyperlipidemia and reduce the risk of heart disease, with key medical applications including the treatment of high cholesterol, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. | DUKE |
| Hypolipidemic | | An agent that lowers lipid levels, treating hyperlipidemias by reducing cholesterol and triglyceride production, with therapeutic applications in managing cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, and stroke, commonly used to prevent heart attacks and improve overall cardiovascular health. | DUKE |
| Hypotensive | | An agent that lowers blood pressure, playing a biological role in regulating cardiovascular function. Therapeutically, it's used to manage hypertension, heart failure, and angina, with key medical applications in preventing stroke, kidney disease, and cardiac complications. | DUKE |
| I-kappa-B-alpha-phosphorylation inhibitor | 35222 | An agent that blocks the phosphorylation of I-kappa-B-alpha, reducing NF-kappa-B activation and subsequent inflammation. Therapeutically, it has applications in managing inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, such as arthritis, and cancer, by suppressing pro-inflammatory gene expression. | DUKE |
| IKB-kinase inhibitor | 23924 | An agent that blocks the activity of IKB-kinase, reducing inflammation and immune responses. Therapeutically, it's used to treat autoimmune diseases, cancers, and inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma, by inhibiting NF-_B signaling pathways. | DUKE |
| IKK inhibitor | 23924 | An agent that blocks the activity of I_B kinase (IKK), reducing inflammation and immune responses. Therapeutically, it's used to treat autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, and certain cancers, by inhibiting NF-_B signaling pathways. | DUKE |
| Immunostimulant | 50847 | An agent that stimulates the immune system, enhancing its response to infections and diseases. Therapeutically, it boosts the body's natural defenses, commonly used to treat immunodeficiency disorders, prevent infections, and support cancer treatment, as well as manage chronic conditions like hepatitis and HIV. | DUKE |
| Lipase inducer | | An agent that stimulates lipase activity, enhancing fat hydrolysis. It has therapeutic applications in managing lipid disorders, and key medical uses include treating hypertriglyceridemia and improving lipid profiles. | DUKE |
| Litholytic | | An agent that dissolves calculi, playing a biological role in breaking down kidney stones and other mineral deposits. Its therapeutic applications include treating urolithiasis and nephrolithiasis, with key medical uses in preventing stone recurrence and alleviating associated pain. | DUKE |
| Maltase-promoter | | A genetic regulator that initiates maltase gene transcription, enabling maltose breakdown into glucose. Its therapeutic applications include managing glucose metabolism and digestive disorders, with key medical uses in treating malabsorption and glycemic control. | DUKE |
| Multidrug resistance inhibitor | 35222 | An agent that blocks the efflux pumps in cancer cells, restoring sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs and overcoming drug resistance, commonly used in cancer treatment to enhance efficacy of anticancer medications. | DUKE |
| Metal chelator | 38161 | An agent that binds to metal ions, reducing their toxicity and availability. It plays a biological role in regulating metal ion homeostasis and has therapeutic applications in treating metal poisoning, iron overload, and neurodegenerative diseases, with key medical uses including Wilson's disease and hemochromatosis management. | DUKE |
| Matrix-metalloproteinase-9 inhibitor | 50664 | An agent that blocks the activity of matrix-metalloproteinase-9, reducing tissue degradation and inflammation. Therapeutically, it's used to treat conditions like cancer, arthritis, and cardiovascular diseases, where MMP-9 plays a key role in disease progression. | DUKE |
| Mucogenic | | An agent that promotes mucus formation, playing a biological role in protecting and lubricating epithelial surfaces. Therapeutically, mucogenics are used to treat dryness and irritation in respiratory, gastrointestinal, and ocular systems, with key medical applications in managing conditions like dry eye, coughs, and gastrointestinal ulcers. | DUKE |
| Nematicide | 25491 | An agent that kills nematodes, a type of parasitic worm, used to control infestations in crops and animals, with therapeutic applications in veterinary medicine to treat parasitic infections and promote livestock health. | DUKE |
| Neuroprotective | 63726 | An agent that protects nerve cells from damage or degeneration, reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Therapeutically, it helps manage conditions like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and stroke, promoting neuronal survival and function. | DUKE |
| NF-kappa-B inhibitor | 35222 | An agent that blocks the activity of NF-kappa-B, a protein complex involved in inflammation and immune responses, reducing inflammation and cell proliferation. Therapeutically, it is used to treat conditions such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. | DUKE |
| Nitric-oxide inhibitor | 35222 | An agent that blocks the production of nitric oxide, reducing inflammation and vascular relaxation. Therapeutically, it's used to treat conditions like hypertension, angina, and septic shock, by constricting blood vessels and improving blood pressure. Key medical uses include cardiovascular and critical care applications. | DUKE |
| Nitric-oxide scavenger | | An agent that retains nitric oxide, reducing its bioavailability. It plays a role in regulating vascular tone and inflammation. Therapeutically, it's used to manage conditions like hypertension and septic shock, with key medical uses including cardiovascular and critical care applications. | DUKE |
| Ornithine-decarboxylase inhibitor | 23924 | An agent that blocks the activity of ornithine decarboxylase, an enzyme involved in cell growth and proliferation. It reduces polyamine synthesis, inhibiting tumor growth and proliferation. Therapeutically, it is used to treat cancer, particularly in combination with other therapies, and has potential applications in managing parasitic infections and skin disorders. | DUKE |
| Pesticide | 25944 | An agent that kills or repels pests, playing a biological role in controlling insect, weed, and fungal populations. Therapeutically, pesticides have limited applications, but some are used to treat ectoparasitic infestations, such as lice and scabies. Key medical uses include topical treatments for head lice and scabies, highlighting their role in managing parasitic infections. | DUKE |
| Prostaglandin-E2 inhibitor | 35222 | An agent that blocks the activity of prostaglandin-E2, reducing inflammation and pain. Therapeutically, it's used to manage conditions like arthritis, cancer, and neurological disorders, by inhibiting prostaglandin-E2's role in promoting inflammation, cell growth, and pain signaling. | DUKE |
| Phototoxic | | An agent that causes skin damage, such as sunburn or blisters, upon exposure to light, especially ultraviolet light, with no therapeutic applications but key medical uses in diagnosing photosensitivity disorders. | DUKE |
| Protein kinase C inhibitor | 37700 | An agent that blocks protein kinase C activity, reducing cell signaling and inflammation. Therapeutically, it's used to treat cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders, with key medical applications in managing Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and stroke. | DUKE |
| Plasmodicide | | An agent that kills malaria parasites, playing a crucial role in treating and preventing malaria. Therapeutically, it targets Plasmodium species, and its key medical uses include prophylaxis and treatment of malaria, particularly in endemic areas, helping to reduce transmission and alleviate disease burden. | DUKE |
| Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor | 35222 | An agent that blocks the production of prostaglandins, reducing inflammation and pain. Therapeutically, it's used to treat conditions like arthritis, menstrual cramps, and fever, commonly found in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). | DUKE |
| Protease inhibitor | 37670 | An agent that blocks the activity of proteases, enzymes that break down proteins. It has therapeutic applications in treating viral infections, cancer, and genetic disorders, with key medical uses including HIV/AIDS management and hepatitis C treatment. | DUKE |
| Protein kinase inhibitor | 37699 | An agent that blocks the activity of protein kinases, enzymes involved in cell signaling. It reduces abnormal cell growth and inflammation, commonly used in treating cancer, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and leukemia. | DUKE |
| Protein-tyrosine-kinase inhibitor | 23924 | An agent that blocks the activity of protein-tyrosine kinases, enzymes involved in cell signaling and growth. Therapeutically, it reduces abnormal cell proliferation, commonly used in managing cancer, particularly leukemia and solid tumors, by inhibiting tumor growth and angiogenesis. | DUKE |
| Pulmonoprotective | | An agent that safeguards lung tissue, reducing inflammation and damage. It has therapeutic applications in managing respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and key medical uses include preventing ventilator-induced lung injury and treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). | DUKE |
| Quinone-reductase inducer | | An agent that stimulates quinone reductase enzymatic activity, enhancing cellular antioxidant defenses and protecting against carcinogens, with therapeutic applications in cancer chemoprevention and potential uses in managing oxidative stress-related diseases. | DUKE |
| Radioprotective | 35232 | An agent that shields cells from radiation damage, reducing oxidative stress and DNA harm. Its biological role is to mitigate radiation-induced injury, and it has therapeutic applications in cancer treatment, space exploration, and nuclear medicine, with key medical uses including protection of healthy tissues during radiation therapy. | DUKE |
| Sortase-A inhibitor | 23924 | An agent that blocks the activity of sortase-A, an enzyme essential for bacterial cell wall assembly, reducing bacterial virulence and infection. Therapeutically, it has applications in treating Gram-positive bacterial infections, particularly those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). | DUKE |
| Sucrase promoter | | An agent that activates sucrases, enhancing sucrose digestion in the small intestine, with potential therapeutic applications in managing gastrointestinal disorders, such as sucrase-isomaltase deficiency, and key medical uses in treating malabsorption and digestive issues. | DUKE |
| TNF inhibitor | 35222 | An agent that blocks the activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a pro-inflammatory cytokine. Therapeutically, it reduces inflammation and is commonly used to treat autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and Crohn's disease. | DUKE |
| Topoisomerase-II inhibitor | 50750 | An agent that blocks the activity of topoisomerase-II, an enzyme involved in DNA replication. It prevents cancer cell growth by disrupting DNA structure, commonly used in chemotherapy to treat various types of cancer, including leukemia and lymphoma. | DUKE |
| Topoisomerase-I inhibitor | 50276 | An agent that blocks the activity of topoisomerase I, an enzyme involved in DNA replication. It is used therapeutically in cancer treatment, particularly for solid tumors, by inducing DNA damage and inhibiting cancer cell growth, with key medical uses in colorectal, lung, and breast cancers. | DUKE |
| Ulcerogenic | | An agent that causes the production of ulcers, often used to study gastrointestinal disease mechanisms. Its biological role involves disrupting mucosal defense, leading to ulcer formation. Therapeutically, understanding ulcerogenic agents informs the development of anti-ulcer medications. Key medical uses include researching gastric ulcer pathogenesis and testing potential treatments for ulcer prevention and healing. | DUKE |
| VEGF inhibitor | 35222 | An agent that blocks the activity of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), reducing angiogenesis. Therapeutically, it's used to treat cancer, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting tumor growth and abnormal blood vessel formation. | DUKE |
